Electricity: measuring and testing – Particle precession resonance
Patent
1990-05-16
1992-12-01
Tokar, Michael J.
Electricity: measuring and testing
Particle precession resonance
324307, G01R 3320
Patent
active
051682249
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting a specific substance included in an article to be inspected together with other substances in a non-destructive manner, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for detecting a specific substance which are best suited for detecting forbidden substances having no definite configuration such as awakening drugs, narcotics or plastic bombs hidden in a baggage that have been difficult to be detected by a conventional X-ray inspection apparatus only.
BACKGROUND ART
An X-ray inspection system which is an apparatus for inspecting aircraft passenger's baggages and dangerous articles in transport freights, etc. has been composed of an X-ray generating unit, an X-ray transmitting slit, a belt conveyor for moving articles to be inspected, a line sensor detecting the X-ray that has transmitted through said articles to be inspected, a monitor television and the like which displays a transmitted image. With such a composition, metallic swords, small arms and the like having a strong X-ray scattering intensity can be detected as a clear image on a television monitor, which is serviceable for preventing aircraft hijact from occurring.
A prior art of this sort has been disclosed in the Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Number SHO61-189447 for instance.
With abovesaid prior art, it is difficult to detect weapons and dangerous articles that contain no metal as composing elements. In addition, there has been such a problem that forbidden substances having no definite configuration such as awakening drugs, narcotics or plastic bombs are overlooked completely.
Further, there have been such problems that, it is difficult to obtain an information in the depth direction in the articles to be inspected because said proir art utilizes a transmitted image of an X-ray, opening inspection and removal of suspected articles that are not shown clearly but suspencted to be forbidden substances cannot be conducted in a short time, and abovementioned operation itself involves a risk.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for detecting a specific substance included in an article to be inspected together with other substances in a non-destructive manner.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a new apparatus for detecting the existence of forbidden substances composed of an organic substance or an inorganic substance in a liquid form, a powder form or a soft clay form (hereinafter referred to as a plastic form) which has been difficult to be detected with a conventional X-ray transmitting inspection apparatus, thus securing safe transportation by aircraft and also providing means of performing forbidden substance removal operation quickly and safely.
The abovementioned object may be achieved by detecting forbidden substance such as plastic bombs through the detection of nuclear quadrupole resonance which is peculiar to a molecular structure of composing element instead of the configuration of the composing element.
Further, abovesaid another object of the present invention may be achieved by installing additionally a radio wave generating unit, a coil for detecting radio wave irradiation and a radio wave absorption measuring unit onto a conventional perspective type X-ray inspection apparatus, and performing comprehensive detection by configuration information and material information of forbidden substances.
The nuclear quadrupole resonance occurs when a radio wave is irradiated onto an atomic nucleus having nuclear spin of 1 or more and nuclear quadrupole moment not zero. Further, since the resonance frequency has a value peculiar to a chemical bonding state of the atomic nucleus, the resonance frequency differs if the molecules containing the atomic nucleus are different even if the atomic nucleus type is the same. Most of explosive substances include introgen 14 (spin: 1, nuclear quadrupole moment: +0.016 barn), chlorine 35 (nuclear spin: 3/2, nuclear
REFERENCES:
patent: 3789832 (1974-02-01), Damadian
patent: 3792345 (1974-02-01), Hawkins
Steady-State Nuclear Double Resonance: An Application to the Study of the Quadrupole Resonances of K.sup.39, K.sup.40 in KCIO.sub.3, Physical Review B, Col. 6, No. 8, Aug. 1972.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance for Bomb Detection, Dr. J. P. Gonano, U.S. Army Mobility Equipment Research and Development Command, Ft. Belvoir, Va. 22060.
Maruizumi Takuya
Mitsui Yasuhiro
Yajima Yusuke
Hitachi , Ltd.
Tokar Michael J.
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