Geometrical instruments – Area integrators – Electrical
Patent
1979-03-09
1982-09-28
Haroian, Harry N.
Geometrical instruments
Area integrators
Electrical
33168R, G01B 320
Patent
active
043511147
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The object of the present invention is a process for measuring using one or several standard blocks stacked so as to correspond to the desired reading, and also the standard block which allows the measurement according to the invention to be carried out.
At the present time, standard blocks are used for direct measurement and for the standardisation of measuring instruments. Thanks to the quality of their measuring surface they can be combined with one another by adhesion so as to obtain a standard of any length with a resolution of 1 micron (DIN 861 norm).
During direct measurement by means of a standard formed by one or several blocks joined together, the procedure is usually one of substitution by placing the piece to be measured on a carrier, in the field of measurement of a comparator and sensing the said piece at the chosen measurement point. Next one substitutes for the piece a set of blocks, the known dimension of which allows a reference measurement to be made. The measurement pressure is therefore known, it is the same in both cases and the comparator plays the role of a zero indicator.
However, there are cases where it is not possible or it is troublesome to resort to a comparator and to measure thus with a known pressure and where a simple indication of touch is desirable or sufficient.
This occurs particularly during regulating or setting to zero of a machine to be tooled or measured. Indeed, in this case the marking of the position of the tool or the vane or sensor with respect to a reference surface frequently takes place making it touch the surface of a block or of a stack of blocks placed between the reference surface and the tool or the sensor.
The precision of this marking depends to a large extent on the pressure exerted by the tool on the standard. It is therefore influenced by the sensitivity of the operator and the nature of the machine.
The present invention corrects this disadvantage and its aim is a process which allows the carrying-out of measurements using standard blocks without having to know the measurement pressure. It is characterised in that the last standard block of the stack announces the moment of contact with a probe.
The present invention also has as its object the standard block which allows the carrying-out of the measurement according to the invention, characterised in that it comprises an element maintained in vibration, a detector of the vibrations of the element and at least one signalling means announcing a change in the state of the vibrations.
The attached drawings show a possible embodiment of the standard block allowing the measuring process of the invention to be carried out.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section view of the standard block according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a horizontal section view along 2--2 of FIG. 1 of the standard block according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal section of a variant of embodiment of the invention of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4a is an elevation of FIG. 4.
FIG. 4 shows in elevation and in plan an element of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 shows in partial longitudinal section a further variant of embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is an external view in elevation of the standard block.
FIG. 7 is the block diagram of a variant of the electronic circuit of the standard block.
FIG. 8 shows in greater detail the elements of FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 is an improvement of the circuit of FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 is the block diagram of another electronic circuit of the standard block.
In FIG. 1 the standard block according to the invention is in the shape of a parallelapiped rectangle, the surfaces (B) and (C) of which are the standard distance surfaces. The interior comprises a plate (L), preferably a metal plate, set into vibration at its resonance frequency by a motor (M).
In this illustration the motor (M) is constituted by a sandwich of piezo-electric crystals (Cr 1) and (Cr 2). Another sandwich of piezo-electric crystals (Cr 3) and (Cr 4) acts as a transducer (T) so as to transform the mechanical oscillations of the vibrating plate (L) into an electric
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Werkstatt und Betrieb, vol. 109, No. 5, 5/78 (Munich), "Messen von der um Laufenden Spindel" p. 284.
Sigg Hans
Viret Robert
Waser Ernst
Wegmann Heinz
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