Coherent light generators – Particular active media – Insulating crystal
Patent
1993-06-18
1995-05-30
Bovernick, Rodney B.
Coherent light generators
Particular active media
Insulating crystal
372 21, 372 40, 372 70, 372 94, 359328, H01S 316
Patent
active
054208785
ABSTRACT:
A laser material for a solid-state laser that, when pumped by light having a wavelength in a suitable pump band, emits electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength lying in the range 2.0.ltoreq..lambda..ltoreq.2.1 .mu.m. The laser host material includes thulium-doped lutetium yttrium aluminum garnet (Tm:LuYAG) of approximate chemical composition (Tm.sub.x (Y.sub.w Lu.sub.1-w).sub.1-x).sub.3 Al.sub.5 O.sub.12, with x lying approximately in the range 0.01.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.5 and w lying in the range between 0.01 and 0.99. In particular, the Tm:LuYAG material produces light with wavelengths in the range .lambda.=2.020-2.024 .mu.m, where the normally-absorbing atmosphere has a transmission window with markedly reduced (or, alternatively, markedly enhanced) absorption. Another suitable group of laser materials has the chemical composition (Tm.sub.x (Y.sub.w Lu.sub.1-w-z Sen.sub.z).sub.1-x).sub.3 Al.sub.5 O.sub.12, with x lying approximately in the range 0.01.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.5, w lying in the range 0.01.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.0.99 and z lying in the range 0.001.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.2, and Sen denotes an optical sensitizer such as Er, Yb and/or Cr. Other suitable laser materials, for production of light with wavelengths in the range 1.9-2.2 .mu.m, are thulium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride and lithium-doped yttrium scandium aluminum garnet, with the respective approximate chemical compositions Tm.sub.x (Y.sub.w Lu.sub.1-w).sub.1-x LiF.sub.4, and (Tm.sub.x (Y.sub.w Lu.sub.1-w).sub.1-x).sub.3 Sc.sub.2 Al.sub.3 O.sub.12, with x lying approximately in the range 0.01.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.5 and w lying in the range between 0.01 and 0.99. If the Tm doping fraction and the Lu fraction in Tm:LuYAG are no greater than 0.03 and 0.5, respectively, the material Tm:LuYAG exhibits useful ranges of monotonically changing emission wavelength as temperature is varied over a reasonable range.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4578793 (1986-03-01), Kane et al.
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patent: 5030851 (1991-07-01), Unternahrer
patent: 5175787 (1992-12-01), Gualtieri et al.
patent: 5280492 (1994-01-01), Krupke et al.
Kane Thomas J.
Kubo Tracy S.
Bovernick Rodney B.
Lightwave Electronics Corporation
Sanghavi Hemang
Schipper John F.
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