Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution... – Containing or obtained from roseaceae
Reexamination Certificate
2002-06-27
2004-06-22
Tate, Christopher R. (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution...
Containing or obtained from roseaceae
C424S769000, C514S906000, C514S826000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06753021
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a biologically active chloroform fraction of extracts obtained from the plant
Salvadora persica
Linneaus 1753. The invention also relates to a process for obtaining the crude extract and obtaining the chloroform fraction. Further, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions exhibiting biological activity.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The mangrove plant,
Salvadora persica
Linneaus, 1753, belongs to the order Salvadoracea. Mangrove plants are shrubs or small trees with white flowers frequently found in degraded mangrove swamps and saline banks all over the west coast of India. Large numbers of marine plants have been examined for bioactive substances. Nazarine et al. have reported promising pharmacological activities in marine organisms from Indian waters. (Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 27:499-501 (1998)).
There are several patents available from all over the world relating to processes and compounds obtained from natural sources for various purposes. Kwak et al. patented a process of extracting and purifying biologically effective ingredients from combined medicinal plants and their extract composition (U.S. Pat. No. 5,910,307 issued on Jun. 8, 1999). D'Amelio et al. disclosed a therapeutic composition and method for treating skin using an extract from the
Centipeda cunninghami
plant. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,804,206 issued on Sep. 8, 1998). Zimmerman et al. isolated a compound from the methanolic extract of the eelgrass
Zostrea marina
which has significant antifouling aquatic properties. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,607,741 issued on Mar. 4, 1997).
Betulinic acid, which is prepared from the compound betulin, has many pharmaceutical potentials. Pezzuto et al. disclosed methods of manufacturing betulinic acid from betulin (U.S. Pat. No. 5,804,575 issued on Sep. 8, 1998). Betulinic acid is intensively investigated as a potential therapeutic agent for a variety of diseases. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,962,527 issued to Pezzuto et al. on Oct. 5, 1999). Pisha et al. disclose that betulinic acid has selective antitumour activity against human melanoma, e.g., MEL-1, MEL-2 and MEL-4. (Nature Medicine, pp.1046-1051 (1995)). Fujioka et al. disclose that betulinic acid has anti-HIV activity in H9 lymphocytic cells. (
J. Nat. Prod
. 57(2) pages 243-247 (1994)). However, research directed to betulinic acid as a therapeutic agent are hindered because betulinic acid is available in very limited quantities and at a very high cost. Ramadoss et al. describe uses of betulinic acid and its derivatives for inhibiting cancer growth and a method of monitoring the growth. (U.S. Pat. No. 6,048,847, issued on Apr. 11, 2000). Kang et al. disclosed flavored product additives in which ursolic acid was one of the compounds in a group of three compounds which was added to a flavored product to reduce aftertaste in the product and enhance its sweetness. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,948,460 issued on Sep. 7, 1999). Ursolic acid was also used as a constituent in a preparation for inhibition of skin Tumorigenesis. Id. Herman disclosed that lupeol can make terpene ozonides (which have medicinal value) pharmacologically active. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,190,979 issued Mar. 2, 1993).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the present invention is to provide a process for obtaining the chloroform fraction from the crude extract from stems, leaves, and flowers of
Salvadora persica.
A further object of the invention is to study the biological activity of the chloroform fraction from the crude extract from stems, leaves, and flowers of
Salvadora persica.
Another object of the invention is to isolate naturally occurring compounds from the plant
Salvadora persica
and to identify their molecular weights, molecular formulas, melting points and their structural formulae.
Yet another object of the invention is to screen the chloroform fraction of the crude extract, its fractions, and purified compounds to ensure that the activities shown by the crude extract and chloroform fraction are maintained.
A further object of the invention is to provide pharmaceutical compositions that contain chloroform fractions of the extract from the plant
Salvadora persica
which exhibit biological activity.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide pharmaceutical compositions containing the extract obtained from the plant
Salvadora persica.
The present invention seeks to overcome the drawbacks inherent in the prior art by providing a highly efficient and selective means for processing active crude extract as well as fractionation, isolation and purification of the active compounds.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5009886 (1991-04-01), Ahmad et al.
patent: 5190979 (1993-03-01), Herman
patent: 5607741 (1997-03-01), Zimmerman et al.
patent: 5804206 (1998-09-01), D'Amelio et al.
patent: 5804575 (1998-09-01), Pezzuto et al.
patent: 5910307 (1999-06-01), Kwak et al.
patent: 5948460 (1999-09-01), Kang et al.
patent: 5962527 (1999-10-01), Pezzuto et al.
patent: 6048847 (2000-04-01), Ramadoss et al.
Nazarine, F., et al., “Pharmacological Activities of Extracts of Some Marine Animals and Plants on Isolated Tissues of the Guinea-Pig”, Indian Journal of Marine Sciences, 27, 499-501 (1998).
Pisha, E., et al., “Discovery of Betulinic Acid as a Selective Inhibitor of Human Melanoma that Functions by Induction of Apoptosis”, Nature Medicine, 1, 10, 1046-1051 (1995).
Fujioka, T., et al., “Anti-Aids Agents, 11. Betulinic Acid and Platanic Acid as Anti-HIV Principles fromSyzigium Claviflorum, and the Anti-HIV Activity of Structurally Related Triterpenoids”, Journal of Natural Products, 57, 2, 243-247 (1994).
Devi, et al., Bot. Mat., 1997, vol. 40, Pt. 2, pp. 87-91.
Devi, et al,, Bot. Mat., 1997, vol. 40, No. 6, pp. 533-535.
Devi, et al., Adv. Biosci., 1998, vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 75-84.
Ghazanfar, S., Handbook of Arabian Medicinal Plants, 1994, CRC Press, pp. 190-192.
Fernandes Nazarine
Goswami Usha
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Kelber Steven B.
Piper Rudnick LLP
Tate Christopher R.
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