Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – With synthetic resinous component – Foam
Reexamination Certificate
2001-12-14
2004-08-24
Yip, Winnie (Department: 3637)
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
With synthetic resinous component
Foam
C052S309700, C052S583100, C052S414000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06779314
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention, in art of construction, particularly relates to a steel structural system, which integrally combines steel frame with foaming cement, by embedding the former in the latter, to afford a structural system that resists fire, insulates heat, carries load and beautifies the environment.
BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY
To date, steel structures are ready to erect and resistant to earthquake, with many merits for procedural, diversifying or industrialized production. However, the fender structures used in cooperation therewith are mostly made of such building materials as rolled steel sheets, gypsum rock wools or glass wool, so that the building structures formed thereby, especially in residential buildings, are poor in fire resistance, vulnerable to thermal bridge and costly in overall construction. Moreover, houses of the kind cannot render a comfortable feeling.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention is to provide a new type of foaming cement material, which integrally cooperates with steel frame to form a fender structure capable of bearing load in vertical or horizontal direction, either by the fender itself or by its combination with other building members through the lightweight steel frame being embedded in the foaming cement or between foaming cement boards/slabs. The fender structure, in cooperation with roof boards, ceilings and all types of floor slabs, forms a structural system that is capable of insulating heat, bearing load and beautifying the environment, comprising the followings:
This invention provides an A-type fender structure which, capable of carrying load solely by itself or by its combination with the main structural steel, possess the merits of fire resistance, load bearing, waterproof, heat insulation, beautiful decoration and ready erection. It a kind of load-bearing structure with a shaped steel frame embedded in the foaming cement.
This invention provides a B-type fender structure which, capable of carrying load solely by itself or by its combination with the main structural steel, possess the sound merits of fire resistance, load bearing, waterproof, heat insulation, beautiful decoration and ready erection. It's made up of a load-bearing B1-type board formed by steel frame partially embedded in the foaming cement with its mating part B2-type of foaming cement without the framework.
This invention provides C-type boards as well as a C-type fender structure where the steel frame is sandwiched between the said two C-type boards. It is entailed not only the effectiveness of fire-resistance and durability, but also the merit of load bearing, heat insulation, sound absorption and environment beautification as well.
This invention provides an assembled lightweight partition wallboard which, capable of being assembled or disassembled freely on site, is tied together with roof boards and floor slab by screws.
This invention also provides a process for constructing buildings of different shape, which uses foaming cement as the basic material for fire resistance, heat insulation and decorative designs. Together with various steel frames and cement surface layers, it can offer a series of ready-in-use buildings of light weight and rich patterns, with good performance in strength, durability, fire resistance and thermal insulation.
Still another purpose of this invention is to provide a new method for house construction using lightweight steel structures and a variety of lightweight boards to add floors to old buildings or to reconstruct old residential houses into completely renewal ones with all facilitates thereof upgraded at the same time.
The technical solutions of this invention comprises:
A type of structural system formed of foaming cement and lightweight steel structure (steel frame), which is further divided into mid-low-rise and mid-high-rise building structural systems, wherein the former is made up of A, B, or C-type fender structure, floor slabs, decorative elements, ceilings and assembled partition wallboards, and the latter A, B, or C-type fender structure, steel columns, floor slabs, decorative elements, assembled partition wallboards and ceilings; said foaming cement used therein has a density of 150 kg/m
3
−400 kg/m
3
and a thermal conductivity of 0.035-0.08 w/mk. It dose not need high-temperature steam curing, and is water impermeable (i.e. when dropping water on the surface of the foaming cement, water drop cannot penetrate through capillary into the foaming cement), and has airtight-cavity cellular structure (i.e. each cavity is separated from the others by walls thereof and thus every of them is isolated).
Of the fender structures, said A-type fender structure can either be formed on site with foaming cement or be assembled with pre-cast A-type board provided by manufacturers; said B-type fender structure is assembled on site with B1 and B2-type boards; and said C-type fender structure is formed of C1 and C2-type boards with steel frame sandwiched between them.
Said A, B, or C-type fender structure may be fastened mechanically to the steel skeleton of a building with steel frame embedded in the foaming cement. A, B, or C-type fender structure can be applied for walls and roofs.
Said foaming cement is made of dicalcium silicate, anhydrous calcium sulphoaluminate and sulphate dihydrate as main ingredients for gelatinizing, or by adding a given quantity of tricalcium silicate to form a compound, to mix with foaming agents and others modifying additives.
Said foaming cement may be added with an appropriate amount of fiber or organic resin to increase its tenacity. Said high-polymer fiber may be glass fiber, carbon fiber or dietary fiber.
Said foaming cement may be formed of the type of cement, whose density exceeds 400 kg/m
3
and whose thermal conductivity 0.8 w/mk, or by any other types of cements mixed with foaming gypsum, lightweight thermal insulation materials and gelatinizing materials.
The composition and content of said foaming cement are 10-70% dicalcium silicate, 10-70% anhydrous calcium sulphoaluminate, 10-70% sulphate dihydrate, 0-90% tricalcium silicate and 10-50% water, with thereto 1-10% foaming agent and 1-10% modifying additive mixtures.
Said surface layer of the foaming cement may be of elastic materials if without embedded reinforcing steel. Such surface layer can be made up of resin cement or elastic coating materials, etc.
Said surface layer of the foaming cement may be made into different patterns and shapes, such as brick face, stone carving, tiled shape, decorative line-arts or other ornamental designs.
Said surface layer of the foaming cement can be made into different colors or be coated with other colored finishing materials. For example, color cement can be coated on the surface layer, various surface paints can be brushed on it and decorative materials in wood grain pattern or those made from aluminum sheet, aluminum-plastic material, glass fiber reinforced plastics, stove tiles, other metals or plastic materials, can also become the panels therefor.
Said joint channels are lap joints (wedged or dovetailed) and the shape of which may be corrugated. Said joint channels can be socket or butt joint.
In the gap between connected joint channels, air-tight materials such as fluid sealants and foaming polyurethane may be filled in to make it waterproof.
Said reinforcement ribs are steel girders or small-sized shaped steels or small-sized shaped steels with slots.
Said tension-resistant materials can be wire meshes, fibers, fiber lattice, dietary fibers or organic resins, etc.
Said steel reinforcements are formed of steel reinforcement bars surrounded by a given thickness of cement, and the steel reinforcement bars are connected to the said reinforcement ribs or to other anchored steel reinforcement members in the foaming cement.
Said reinforcement bars are placed between the tension-resistant surface materials and foaming cement entity under the surface layer, whereby not only bonding strength of foaming cement is increased but also the steel reinforcement bars are well protected by a give
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