Facsimile and static presentation processing – Facsimile – Recording apparatus
Patent
1992-05-05
1994-01-04
Mancuso, Joseph
Facsimile and static presentation processing
Facsimile
Recording apparatus
358 54, 358217, 358332, H04N 336, H04N 5335, H04N 911, H04N 979
Patent
active
052765229
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to video processing, and in particular to the production of cinematographic or photographic images from video signals.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Telecine machines have been known for many years and are widely used in studios for converting cinematographic film into video signals suitable for broadcasting.
One type of telecine is the `flying spot` telecine in which the film is read by a raster on a cathode ray tube by scanning the film.
There is a general need for equipment which can convert film images into video signals for editing or the addition of special effects and then transfer the video signals back to cinematographic film.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
We have appreciated that a flying spot telecine may be adapted for use as a film writer in which a video signal is transferred onto film.
According to the invention there is provided a film editor comprising a flying spot CRT raster scanner arranged to operate selectively in telecine or film writing mode, the optical path of the scanner being enclosed in a light tight shield and a shutter being interposed between the film gate and color separating mirrors, the editor having means for modulating the CRT raster with each color component of a video signal to be written in film writing mode and a rotatable color filter wheel synchronised with the scanner, the filter wheel having red, green and blue portions which are inserted into the optical path when the scanner is modulated by the red, green or blue signal respectively, and a clear portion which is inserted into the optical path in the telecine mode.
In a system embodying the invention, the video signal is itself derived from a telecine and after editing or other processing is returned to film. It is desirable to increase the resolution of the video signal to an acceptable quality for photographic film. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the resolution is increased in the vertical and horizontal directions by repeating the frame scan with the scanning image displaced by a fraction of a line spacing for vertical resolution and a fraction of a pixel for horizontal resolution. Alternatively resolution may be increased by scanning n times the normal number of pixels in the horizontal direction and n times the number of lines to give an n.sup.2 increase in resolution.
It is desirable that the film writer has a very high resolution to achieve a film image of acceptable quality. Existing flying spot telecine machines such as that marketed under the trade mark URSA produce a good quality 625 line sequential video signal. Preferably the resolution of this signal is increased fourfold in both vertical and horizontal directions before being applied to the film. Alternatively, the increase in resolution may be limited to an HDTV (Higher Definition Television) standard for compatibility.
The system is a non-real time system and each frame of film is scanned a number of times for each component of the video signal (i.e. R, G and B). In each case the CRT grid is modulated by a respective one of the R, G, B video signals. Furthermore a corresponding color filter is inserted into the optical path to ensure that the correct colors are exposed on the film.
A system embodying the invention may operate in the telecine mode in which the scanner and associated circuitry operates as a conventional telecine, scanning the film to produce a video signal which is then processed and corrected to provide an output signal which may then be edited when operating in the film writing mode, the edited signal is split into R, G and B components, each of which are used sequentially to modulate the CRT raster to write the signal through the corresponding color filter onto unexposed film.
An editing system embodying the invention has the advantage that a film image can be edited by video and returned to film avoiding the need for reshooting and greatly simplifying and reducing the cost of editing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
An embodiment of the invention will now be descr
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Research Disclosure; No. 21702, Single CRT Scanner and Printer Apparatus; pp. 145-146; May 1982.
Greening Wendy R.
Mancuso Joseph
Rank Cintel Limited
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