Apparatus and method for determining the existence of ice or wat

Details Apparatus and method for determining the existence of ice or wat Apparatus and method for determining the existence of ice or wat

1996-09-03

1999-02-23

Felber, Joseph L.

Measuring and testing

Meteorology

Icing condition

340962, 340580, 324671, 324688, G01W 100, G01R 2720

Patent

active

058746722

ABSTRACT:
The present invention is an improved ice sensor which is particularly effective in measuring and quantifying non-uniform, heterogeneous ice typically found on aircraft leading edges and top wing surfaces. In one embodiment, the ice sensor comprises a plurality of surface mounted capacitive sensors, each having a different electrode spacing. These sensors measure ice thickness by measuring the changes in capacitance of the flush electrode elements due to the presence of ice or water. Electronic guarding techniques are employed to minimize baseline and parasitic capacitances so as to decrease the noise level and thus increase the signal to noise ratio. Importantly, the use of guard electrodes for selective capacitive sensors also enables distributed capacitive measurements to be made over large or complex areas, independent of temperature or location, due to the capability of manipulating the electric field lines associated with the capacitive sensors.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4766369 (1988-08-01), Weinstein
patent: 5537048 (1996-07-01), Novak

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