Emulsions

Details Emulsions Emulsions

2000-12-08

2002-12-03

Yoon, Tae H. (Department: 1714)

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...

C524S604000, C524S815000, C523S102000, C424S078030

Reexamination Certificate

active

06489395

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known that oligoesters are used as soil release polymers in detergents and cleaners. These oligoesters are condensation products of dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and polyalkylene glycols. As a consequence of a molar excess of the alcohol component, these oligoesters contain terminal OH groups which may, wholly or in part, be terminated by alkoxy groups (end-caps). Compounds of this type are available commercially under the names ®Milease T, ®Permalose, ®Repel-O-Tex. For more details, reference may be made to the specifications EP 185 427, EP 241 984, EP 241 985, EP 272 033, EP 757 468, EP 201 124, EP 253 567, GB 2 304 727, U.S. Pat. No. 4,116,885, U.S. Pat. No. 4,210,417, U.S. Pat. No. 3,962,152 and WO 92/17 523.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
We have now found, surprisingly, that such oligoesters are also highly suitable as emulsifiers for emulsions.
The invention thus provides emulsions comprising an oligoester.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
These oligoesters are preferably obtained by polycondensation of one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids or esters thereof and one or more polyhydric alcohols, such as, for example, ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol. Where appropriate, these esters can also contain polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, sulfoisophthalic acid, sulfobenzoic acid, isethionic acid, C
1
-C
4
-alcohols, oxalkylated C
1
-C
24
-alcohols, oxalkylated C
6
-C
18
-alkylphenols and/or oxalkylated C
8
-C
24
-alkylamines as monomers.
Particular preference is given to emulsions comprising those oligoesters which have been obtained by polycondensation of
a) 40 to 52 mol %, preferably 45 to 50 mol %, of one or more dicarboxylic acids or esters thereof,
b) 10 to 60 mol %, preferably 20 to 35 mol %, of ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol,
c) 0 to 20 mol %, preferably 10 to 15 mol %, of polyethylene glycol,
d) 0 to 10 mol % of a water-soluble addition product of from 5 to 80 mol of an alkylene oxide with 1 mol of C
1
-C
24
-alcohols, C
6
-C
18
-alkylphenols or C
8
-C
24
-alkylamines and
e) 0 to 10 mol % of one or more polyols having 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups.
Suitable as component a) for the preparation of the oligoesters are aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as, for example, terephthalic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and the mono- and dialkyl esters with C
1
- to C
6
-alcohols, such as dimethyl terephthalate, diethyl terephthalate and di-n-propyl terephthalate. Further examples of compounds which can be used as component a) for the preparation of the polyesters are oxalic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, and the mono- and dialkyl esters of the carboxylic acids with C
1
-C
6
-alcohols, e.g. diethyl oxalate, diethyl succinate, diethyl glutarate, methyl adipate, diethyl adipate, di-n-butyl adipate, ethyl fumarate and dimethyl maleate. If the dicarboxylic acids which are suitable can form anhydrides, the anhydrides of the carboxylic acids having at least two carboxyl groups are also suitable as compound of component a) for the preparation of the oligoesters, e.g. maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride or succinic anhydride. As compound of component a), particular preference is given to using terephthalic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and the dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl and dibutyl esters thereof. It is of course possible to use mixtures of different carboxylic acids or of different esters. Likewise, it is also possible to use, for example, mixtures of carboxylic acids and esters or mixtures of carboxylic acids and anhydrides in the condensation.
As component c), polyethylene glycols having molar masses of from 500 to 5000, preferably from 1000 to 3000, are used.
Suitable as component d) for the preparation of the oligoesters are water-soluble addition products of from 5 to 80 mol of at least one alkylene oxide with 1 mol of C
1
-C
24
-alcohols, C
6
-C
18
-alkylphenols or C
8
-C
24
-alkylamines. Preference is given to monomethyl ethers of polyethylene glycols. The alkylene oxides used for the preparation of the compounds of component d) are preferably ethylene oxide, and mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Also suitable are mixtures of ethylene oxide together with propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide, mixtures of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and isobutylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and at least one butylene oxide. These water-soluble addition products of the alkylene oxide are surfactants. If mixtures of alkylene oxides are used for their preparation, then they may contain the alkylene oxides in blocks or else in random distribution.
Suitable alcohols which are alkoxylated are, for example, octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol, but in particular methanol, and the alcohols having 8 to 24 carbon atoms obtainable by the Ziegler process, or the corresponding oxo alcohols. Of the alkylphenols, octylphenol, nonylphenol and dodecylphenol are of particular importance. The alkylamines used are, in particular, the C
12
-C
18
-monoalkylamines.
Suitable polyols (component e) are, for example, pentaerythritol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, 1,2,3-hexanetriol, sorbitol, mannitol and glycerol.
The oligoesters according to the invention are synthesized by processes known per se, by heating components a, b and c, and optionally d with the addition of a catalyst firstly at atmospheric pressure to temperatures of from 160 to about 220° C. The reaction is then continued under reduced pressure at temperatures of from 160 to about 240° C. with removal by distillation of excess glycols. The known transesterification and condensation catalysts of the prior art are suitable for the reaction, such as, for example, titanium tetraisopropoxide, dibutyltin oxide and/or antimony trioxide/calcium acetate. For further details on carrying out the process, reference is made to EP 442 101.
Also particularly suitable are the polyesters known from EP 241 985 which, in addition to oxyethylene groups and terephthalic acid units, contain 1,2-propylene, 1,2-butylene and/or 3-methoxy-1,2-propylene groups and glycerol units and are terminally capped with C
1
- to C
4
-alkyl groups; the soil release polymers, described in EP 253 567, having a molar mass of from 900 to 9000 g/mol of ethylene terephthalate and polyethylene oxide terephthalate, where the polyethylene glycol units have molecular weights of from 300 to 3000 g/mol and the molar ratio of ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene oxide terephthalate is 0.6 to 0.95; and the polyesters, known from EP 272 033, containing polypropylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate units and being at least proportionately terminally capped by C
1
-C
4
-alkyl radicals.
Likewise preferred are oligoesters of ethylene terephthalate and polyethylene oxide terephthalate in which the polyethylene glycol units have molecular weights of from 750 to 5000 g/mol and the molar ratio of ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene oxide terephthalate is 50:50 to 90:10 and whose use in detergents is described in German Patent Specification DE 28 57 292, and oligoesters having molecular weights of from 15 000 to 50 000 g/mol of ethylene terephthalate and polyethylene oxide terephthalate, where the polyethylene glycol units have molecular weights of from 1000 to 10 000 g/mol and the molar ratio of ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene oxide terephthalate is 2:1 to 6:1, which, according to DE 33 24 258, can be used in detergents.
Likewise preferred are the oligoesters described in DE 19 644 034 of the formula
in which
R
1
and R
7
are linear or branched C
1
- to C
18
-alkyl,
R
2
and R
6
are ethylene,
R
3
is 1,4-phenylene,
R
4
is ethylene,
R
5
is ethylene, 1,2-propylene or random mixtures of any composition of the two,
x and y independently of one another are numbers between 1 and 500,
z is a number between 10 and 140,
a is a number between 1 and 12,
b is a number between 7 and 40,
where a+b is at least 11.
Preferably, independently of one another,
R
1

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