Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution... – Containing or obtained from a seed or nut
Reexamination Certificate
2000-11-16
2002-04-30
Weber, Jon P. (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution...
Containing or obtained from a seed or nut
C424S401000, C424S725000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06379719
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns the field of cosmetology, in particular cutaneous and capillary applications, and relates to the use of at least one protein fraction extracted from
Hibiscus esculentus
and to a composition containing at least one such extract.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The
Hibiscus esculentus
(Abelmoshus esculentus or Okra from the Malvaceae family) is a plant of African origin introduced into the United States and East Indies under the Spanish name of gumbo. It is one of the botanical species which has been cultivated for its pods for more than 2,000 years.
Okra grows in numerous regions of the world such as India, Malaysia, the Philippines, America (Mid-West), Mediterranean regions, Africa and, more generally, in tropical regions.
The fruits (pods) which are eaten young as vegetables are long, green and tapering; they have a delicate flavour and a mucilaginous internal texture.
Apart from the pods, which are of interest on account of the gum which they contain, research has also been carried out on the seeds of
Hibiscus esculentus
in order to study their potential as a new source of proteins.
To this end, the chemical composition of the whole seed of different varieties of okra (outer skin plus endosperm) has been determined.
Similarly, the properties (protein solubility, amino acid composition, emulsification capacity, foaming capacity, nutritional value) of various products obtained from the seeds (whole flour prepared from skinned seeds, delipidated flour, concentrate and protein isolate) have been studied for food purposes (see, for example, Bryant L A, Montecalvo J, Morey K S, Loy B: “Processing, functional and nutritional properties of okra seed products”, Journal of food science, vol. 53, No. 3, 818-816).
Okra seed mainly contains the following substances in % by weight, relative to the dry material:
17.7 to 21.8% of proteins
14.7 to 20.06% of lipids
4.33 to 4.62% of ash
6.84 to 7.92% of water
0.0032% of gossypol,
and, in particular, traces of the following substances:
Calcium:
282.26
mg/100 g
Iron:
10.26
mg/100 g
Thiamine:
0.69
mg/100 g
Riboflavin:
0.14
mg/100 g
Niacin:
4.01
mg/100 g
&agr;-tocopherol:
30.4
mg/100 g.
(See Karakoltsidis P A, Constantidines S M: “okra seed: a new protein source”, J. Agric Food Chem., 1975, 23 No. 6, 1204-1207/Wandawi A L: “Chemical composition of seeds of two okra cultivars
Abelmoschus esculentus
”, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 1983, 31 No. 6, 1355-1358).
The amino acid composition of concentrated
Hibiscus esculentus
seed proteins or protein isolates resembles that of soya proteins and is close to that of casein (see table below).
Amino
Hibiscus
Hibis-
Protein
Soya
Casein
acid
(seeds)
cus
concen-
Protein
(seed)
Kara-
g/16 g
Karakoltsidis
(seeds)
trate
isolate
Kara-
kotsi-
of
et al
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
kotsi-
dis et
nitrogen
Mandawi AL
et al
LA et al
LA et al
dis et al
al
Asp
11.82 to 15.47
11.57
10.89
12.12
17.00
7.11
Thr
3.02 to 4.38
2.86
3.37
2.90
5.47
4.65
Ser
5.25 to 6.71
5.07
5.23
4.97
7.42
6.02
Glu
20.48 to 22.08
15.91
19.15
17.35
21.05
21.19
Pro
3.83 to 6.06
3.79
4.88
4.98
7.71
11.54
Gly
5.79 to 6.66
4.78
7.77
4.16
4.32
1.97
Ala
5.89 to 6.66
4.83
4.53
4.59
6.13
3.07
Val
4.0 to 6.4
4.24
4.42
4.33
5.26
6.72
Cys
1.54 to 2.53
3.63
1.89
1.90
1.61
0.36
Met
1.29 to 1.85
1.83
2.18
2.21
1.25
2.78
Ile
3.15 to 4.65
2.96
3.06
3.13
4.46
5.40
Leu
6.68 to 8.47
6.21
6.96
6.97
9.35
9.49
Tyr
3.6 to 3.83
3.46
5.15
4.03
3.72
5.81
Phe
3.93 to 4.7
4.41
4.80
4.85
5.26
5.23
Lys
7.24 to 8.9
6.22
6.19
6.47
8.00
8.80
His
1.78 to 2.99
2.34
3.61
3.83
2.67
2.91
Arg
11.04 to 12.46
11.17
10.02
9.98
10.07
3.74
Trp
0.85 to 0.96
2.02
2.57
2.03
nd
nd
With regard to the casein, close contents of threonine, serine, glutamic acid, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine and histidine are noted in particular.
The various aforementioned studies therefore demonstrate the value of
Hibiscus esculentus
seeds as potential sources of proteins from a food point of view.
Furthermore, the use for dermatological purposes of a viscous liquid product obtained by hot extraction and/or extraction under pressure from the fruits of
Hibiscus esculentus
(FR-A-2 679 443) as well as the use of a powdered material composed of polysaccharide extracted from immature
Hibiscus esculentus
seeds in a cosmetic product (JP-A-57/199969) are also known.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Now the inventors have found that it was possible to use extracts of
Hibiscus esculentus
seeds directly in cosmetics and that the use of at least one preferably soluble protein fraction extracted from
Hibiscus esculentus
or okra seeds, in particular as a substitute for casein, in a cosmetic composition or product yielded a composition or product having surprising and advantageous specific properties.
A strong cellular nutritive power, a smoothing and biofilm-forming effect, conditioning, restructuring and repairing effects as well as anti-irritant, light-protecting, soothing and cutaneous anti-ageing effects have thus been found.
The aforementioned extracts can be used not only for skin care and hygiene applications (products for the face or for the body, day or night products, solar products, anti-wrinkle hygiene products, slimming products), but also in the field of hair care and hygiene (lotions or shampoos; creams; mousses; protective products, repairing products, softeners, film-forming agents and light protectors; perming and colouring products).
Proteins can be prepared by conventional methods of extraction of vegetable proteins and preparation of protein concentrates or isolates known to a person skilled in the art and described, in particular, in the aforementioned article by Bryant L A, Montecalvo J, Morey K S and Loy B.
The raw material consists of
Hibiscus esculentus
seeds or seed flour (protein content=21.6 relative to the dry material).
The flour thus obtained may be delipidated by extraction in hexane at 45° C. (advantageously 3 successive extractions).
The oil yield is 16.2 to 23.9% by weight, depending on whether the starting material is a whole seed flour or a flour from seeds partially freed of the outer skins or shells by sifting.
The delipidated flours partially freed of the seed shells contain between 37 and 44% by weight of proteins (N×6.25).
Various processes for obtaining and preparing extracts of
Hibiscus esculentus
or okra seeds will be described hereinafter by way of illustrative, non-limiting examples.
EXAMPLE 1
100 g of non-delipidated enriched flour (partially freed of the shell waste) in one liter of the following media:
distilled water,
distilled water containing 1 g/l of NaCl,
distilled water containing 5 g/l of NaCl,
distilled water containing 10 g/l of NaCl
are added.
After stirring for 15 minutes, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 9 with NaOH 4 N.
Extraction is carried out for one and a half hours at ambient temperature while keeping the pH at 9.
After centrifugation, the upper lipidic layer is removed and the aqueous supernatant liquid is collected.
The golden yellow supernatant liquid is adjusted to pH=7.5 then filtered to 0.22 &mgr;m; it is noted that the higher the salt content of the solvent, the easier filtration is.
The protein content of the filtrate is determined by the biuret method. The supernatant liquids remain opalescent.
The following results are obtained:
Proteins in the biuret
Extraction solvent
filtered extract (g/l)
distilled water
16.9
NaCl 1 g/l
13.3
NaCl 5 g/l
9.5
NaCl 10 g/l
10.2
EXAMPLE 2
25 g of enriched delipidated flour (freed from shell debris) are added in 250 ml of distilled water containing 5 g/l of sodium chloride.
After stirring for 15 minutes, the pH of the solution is adjusted to the following pH according to the test: 6-6.5-7-7.5.
Extraction is carried out for one hour at ambient temperature.
After centrifugation, the supernatant liquid is recovered, then filtered over 5 &mgr;m.
The following results are obtained:
Biuret proteins
Proteins (N × 6.25)
pH
(g/l)
(g/l)
6
12.5
13.8
6.5
13.3
14.8
7
14.6
15.1
7.5
15.5
16.1
EXAM
Laboratories Serobiologiques (Societe Anonyme)
Patten Patricia
Weber Jon P.
Young & Thompson
LandOfFree
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