Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; pro – Continuous or semicontinuous solid phase – The solid phase contains organic material
Reexamination Certificate
2000-05-12
2002-05-21
Lovering, Richard D. (Department: 1712)
Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; pro
Continuous or semicontinuous solid phase
The solid phase contains organic material
C044S266000, C044S268000, C210S799000, C426S573000, C426S651000, C514S944000, C516S109000, C516S138000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06391928
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel synergistic solid/semi solid organic composition, a process for producing such organic composition and a method of solidifying liquid neutral organic compounds using lipid modulators. Preferably, the present invention provides a method of solidification, isolation, identification and/or separation of liquid neutral organic compounds and/or mixture of organic molecules or colloids. Most preferably, the invention encompasses lipid-modulated alteration of the physical properties of vegetable oils, essential oils, mineral oils and organic solvents.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the field of organic chemistry, many of the organic compounds are in various physical states depending on their molecular structures and the surrounding temperatures and pressure. Organic compounds are chemical compounds containing carbon atoms arranged in chains or rings, together with smaller amounts of other elements, mainly hydrogen and oxygen. These organic compounds are present either in liquid, solid or gaseous form at ambient temperature. These organic compounds may be negatively or positively charged or devoid of charge. In other words, it may have a deficiency or excess of electrons on a particular object, giving rise to a positive or negative charge, respectively. Organic compounds can be saturated or unsaturated ones. These can be vegetable oils, essential oils, mineral oils, chemical solvents, etc. Organic compounds have various physical properties such as color, odor, physical state, solubility, melting point, boiling point, freezing point etc., and alteration of one or more of such properties are required in order to make them suitable for specific industrial usage or application. In other words, modification of physical state of the organic compounds is essential/desirable for their various applications in the industry.
Organic.compounds include a group of compounds referred to as fatty acids, fatty alcohols and sterols which were originally found to be constituents of microbial, animal and vegetable fats and fatty oils. Alternatively, the fatty acids, fatty alcohols and sterols can also be synthesized chemically. The esters of fatty acids are their derivatives with alcohol.
PRIOR ART
The art is rich in use of compounds isolated from Garcinia indica for several processes as described in the following patents and publications:
Chen S, Wan M, Lok B N (1996) Planta Medica 62:381. Reddy S Y, Prabhakar JV (1994) J Am Oil Chem Soc 71:217. Sundaram B M, Gopalakrishnan C, Subramanian S, Shankaranarayan D (1983) Planta Medica 4:59. The art is also rich in proposing kokum and mahua fats as substitutes for cocoa butter for Chocolate industry (Yasuda et al. 1979, U.S. Pat. No. 4,157,405; Pairaud et al. 1982, U.S. Pat. No. 4,348,432). The art is also rich in the process of conversion of vegetable oil into fat by chemical hydrogenation (Gunstone F D, Harwood-J L, Padley F B (1994) The Lipid Handbook (2
nd
ed), Chapman and Hall, Madras). However, there is no description of altering the physical properties of any liquid neutral organic compounds such as vegetable oils, essential oils, mineral oils and organic solvents in a temperature-dependent manner using fatty acids or glycerol esters of fatty acids isolated from
Garcinia indica
. There is no report on a process of biological conversion of liquid oils to a solid or semi-solid using lipid(s) isolated from plants such as
Garcinia indica
. There is also no description of using free fatty acids, fatty alcohols, dicarboxylic acids (adipic, suberic, sebacic acid), cholesterol and its derivatives to solidify, isolate, identify or separate any liquid neutral organic compound in prior art. However, there are a few methods of solidifying liquid oils using fatty acyl wax esters (U.S. Pat. No. 5,763,497) and paraffin wax esters (U.S. Pat. No. 5,476,993) and hydroxyalkanoic acids (U.S. Pat. No. 5,908,377).
U.S. Pat. No. 5,476,993 discloses a process of reversibly solidifying hydrocarbons for transportation and storage. This process involves mixing hydrocarbons like crude oil with a hydrocarbon wax. The wax is melted and heated to a temperature above the solidification temperature for the mixture and mixed with the oil. The disadvantage of this process is that it employs large quantities of wax and is restricted to solidifying only crude oil that later under goes fractional distillation to separate various fractions. In addition, there is no mention of the use of hydrocarbon wax to solidify edible oils, essential oils and organic solvents.
Another U.S. Pat. No. 5,763,497, of 1998 discloses an oil-in-water type cosmetic composition comprising water, fatty acyl wax esters, and at least one of other components usable in cosmetics. However, the above method is not reversible and also involves more active components. In addition, this method has a restrictive application and not suitable for solidifying all kinds of oils and organic solvents.
Yet another U.S. Pat. No. 5,908,377 of 1999 discloses a method of solidifying liquid oils without heating the liquid oil, using a solidifying agent which includes a gel-in-oil forming material and a temporarily protective material for the gel-in-oil forming material. This method, as disclosed, has several disadvantages such as employing at least two components to prepare the solidifying agent, using hydroxystearic acids which are not suitable in food and related applications, etc. These hydroxyalkanoic long chain fatty acids are only available in minute quantities in nature and it is totally uneconomical to isolate from natural resources for any commercial use. On the other hand, these acids are very expensive to chemically synthesize them. Further, ricinoleic acid (12-hydroxy-cis-9-octadecenoic acid) does not exhibit the solidification property. Furthermore, the above process does not envisage reversibility and is restricted to solidifying waste edible oils or waste engine oils to contain environmental pollution. In addition, the method is directed towards avoiding pollution of drains, rivers, lakes by waste edible oils and does not involve reversing the method. Moreover, this method does not result in uniform/homogenous solidification.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To over come the above problems, the present invention provides a novel synergistic solid/semi-solid organic composition comprising (a) at least one saturated long chain fatty acid and/or its glycerol esters, or at least one saturated long chain fatty alcohols, or at least one dicarboxylic acid, or at least one sterol or mixtures thereof and (b) one or more liquid neutral organic compounds, said ingredients (a) being present in a ratio between 0.1 to 40 percent by weight and the remaining part from (b); and a process for producing the reversing synergistic solid/semi-solid composition.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the invention is to provide a novel, reversible and synergistic solidisemi-solid composition.
Another object of the invention is to provide a synergistic solid/semi-solid organic composition comprising (a) at least one saturated long chain fatty acid and/or its glycerol esters, or at least one saturated long chain fatty alcohols, or at least one dicarboxylic acid, or at least one sterol or mixtures thereof and (b) one or more liquid neutral organic compounds.
One more object of the invention relates to a solidification of uncharged organic liquid by physical method which method is reversible.
Yet another object of the invention relates to a process for producing a novel, reversible and synergistic solid/semi-solid composition.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a reversible process for producing a novel, reversible and synergistic solid/semi-solid composition.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Our investigations to obtain insights into the mechanism of solid fat biosynthesis and accumulation in
Garcinia indica
, eventually led to the present invention. Table 1 represents the analysis of fatty acid composition of Triacylglycerols (TAG) obtained from mature kokum (
G.
Daniel Jaiyanth
Rajasekharan Ram
Birch & Stewart Kolasch & Birch, LLP
Indian Institute of Science
Lovering Richard D.
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