Plant husbandry – Water culture – apparatus or method
Reexamination Certificate
2000-04-14
2002-03-19
Jordan, Charles T. (Department: 3643)
Plant husbandry
Water culture, apparatus or method
C047S06200C, C119S245000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06357177
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to bottom sand for growing aquatic plants in aquariums and aquariums for growing aquatic plants using such bottom sand.
Recently, growing plants in water contained in aquariums, sometimes with pet fish, has become popular.
In hydroponics, it is essential to circulate and filter the water in order to prevent it from becoming turbid and opaque.
Meanwhile, the sand laid at the bottom of aquariums is required to serve as a medium to support the plants. Nevertheless, there has been no technical concept to use such bottom sand in aquariums for both efficient filtering of water and efficient growing and support of aquatic plants.
The object of this invention is to provide bottom sand that permits both efficient purification of water and efficient growing and support of plants and aquariums for growing aquatic plants using such bottom sand as illustrated in FIG.
3
.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To solve the problem described above, granular sinter consisting essentially of volcanic ash is added to the bottom sand. The granular sinter has such a bonding strength that granules crush when a pressure of about 2.5 kg/cm
2
or less is applied to a layer of the sinter 1.0 cm thick. The aquarium according to this invention comprises a layer of bottom sand of the type described above and has a water-circulating system installed or included therein.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4034506 (1977-07-01), Kasahara et al.
patent: 4211034 (1980-07-01), Piesner
patent: 4315381 (1982-02-01), Dvorin
patent: 5056260 (1991-10-01), Sutton
patent: 08256636 (1996-10-01), None
www.notcatfish.com, Equipment & Décor, A Guide to the Substrate, written Apr. 1999, p. 1 and 2.
Goldberg Richard M.
Hirose Co., Ltd.
Jordan Charles T.
Valenti Andrea M.
LandOfFree
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