Method and apparatus for determination of bone fracture risk...

Surgery – Diagnostic testing – Detecting nuclear – electromagnetic – or ultrasonic radiation

Reexamination Certificate

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C382S128000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07962199

ABSTRACT:
A method is disclosed for analyzing keratinized tissue, particularly fingernails, of a subject to diagnose osteoporosis and bone fracture risk. A Raman spectrum of a sample of keratinized tissue is generated. Broad spectral background features of the spectrum are removed, preferably by using Fourier transform analysis. Peak heights of Raman features of interest, particularly the S—S bond of cystine, are measured. These peak height measurements are normalized using reference peak heights of Raman features that are invariant between normal and osteoporotic subjects, such as the CH2bending peak.

REFERENCES:
patent: 2002/0002336 (2002-01-01), Marchitto et al.
patent: WO2007/005540 (2007-01-01), None
I. Pillay, M.R.C.P., D. Lyons, M.D., F.R.C.P., M.J. German, Ph.D., N.S. Lawson, Ph.D., H.M. Pollock, PH. J. Saunders, P.H.D., S. Chowdhury, B.SC., P. Moran, B.SC., and M.R. Towler, Ph.D., The Use of Fingernails as a Means of Assessing Bone Health: A Pilot Study, Journal of Women's Health, vol. 14, No. 4, 2005, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., pp. 339-344, England.
P. Moran, M.R. Towler, S. Chowdhury, J. Saunders, M.J. German, N.S. Lawson, H.M. Pollock, I. Pillay & D. Lyons, Preliminary Work on the Development of a Novel Detection Method for Osteoporosis, pp. 1-14, Ireland.
Sonja Wessel, Monika Gniadecka, Gregor B.E. Jemec, Hans Christian Wulf, Hydration of human nails investigated by NIR-FT-Raman spectroscopy, 1999 Elsevier Science B.V., pp. 210-216, Denmark.
W. Akhtar, H.G.M. Edwards, Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy of mammalian and avian kerototic biopolymers, 1997 Elesvier Science B.V., pp. 81-90, United Kingdom.
Reference Summary, X-Plain Bone Densitometry, 1995-2004, The Patient Education Institute, Inc., www.X-Plain.com, pp. 1-2.

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