Photovoltaic cell

Compositions – Liquid crystal compositions – Containing nonsteryl liquid crystalline compound of...

Reexamination Certificate

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

C252S299620, C349S186000, C136S206000, C136S263000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07875205

ABSTRACT:
A photovoltaic cell has two electrodes and a hole injection layer. A liquid crystal material and a plurality of particles can be disposed between the electrodes.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4231808 (1980-11-01), Tabei et al.
patent: 5135581 (1992-08-01), Tran et al.
patent: 5158619 (1992-10-01), Kawada et al.
patent: 5176758 (1993-01-01), Nath et al.
patent: 5292813 (1994-03-01), Patil et al.
patent: 5367051 (1994-11-01), Narang et al.
patent: 5741442 (1998-04-01), McBranch et al.
patent: 6281430 (2001-08-01), Lupo et al.
patent: 6483099 (2002-11-01), Yu et al.
patent: 7466376 (2008-12-01), Galvin et al.
patent: 2002/0039627 (2002-04-01), Ichihashi et al.
patent: 2003/0085397 (2003-05-01), Geens et al.
patent: 2003/0159729 (2003-08-01), Shaheen et al.
patent: 2006/0137740 (2006-06-01), Park et al.
Alivisatos, “Hybrid Nanorod-Polymer Solar Cell, Final Report, Jul. 19, 1999—Sep. 19, 2002,” National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/SR-520-34567, (2003).
Armstrong et al., “Development of Liquid Crystal-Based Photovoltaic Technologies,” Conference Proceedings—NCPV Program Review Meeting, Oct. 14-17, 2001, (2001), 328-329.
Bertozzi, “Functional Bone-Like Materials: A Biomimetic Synthetic Approach,” Materials Sciences Division LDRD 2001 Annual Report, 1-19, (2001).
Brabec et al., “Plastic Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 11(1):15-26, (2001).
Cravino et al., “A novel polythiophene with pendant fullerenes: toward donor/acceptor double-cable polymers,” Chem. Commun., 2487-2488, (2000).
Cravino et al., “Electrochemical and Photophysical Properties of a Novel Polythiophene with Pendant Fulleropyrrolidine Moieties: Toward “Double Cable” Polymers for Optoelectronic Devices,” J. Phys. Chem. B, 106:70-76, (2002).
Cravino et al., “Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Donor/Acceptor Double-Cable Polymers,” Electrochemical Society Meeting, 199thMeeting, vol. 2001-1, p. 675, (2001).
Ferraris, et al., “Grafting of buckminsterfullerene onto polythiophene: novel intramolecular donor-acceptor polymers,” Opt. Mat., 9:34-42, (1998).
Furtak et al., “Characterization of optical and mechanical modification of surface alignment layers for liquid crystal devices,” Proc. SPIE (The International Society for Optical Engineering) 4463:139147, (2001).
Gebeyehu et al., “Characterization of large area flexible plastic solar cells based on conjugated polymer/fullerene composites,” Int. J. Photoenergy, 1(1):89-93, (1999).
Hsu et al., “Directed Spatial Organization of Zinc Oxide Nanorods,” Am. Chem. Soc., 5(1):83-86, (2005).
Hulvat and Stupp, “Liquid-crystal templating of conducting polymers,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 42(7):778-81, (2003).
Huynh et al., “Charge transport in hybrid nanorod-polymer composite photovoltaic cells,” Phys. Rev. B, 67:115326(1)-115326(12), (2003).
Ichimura, et al., “Photocontrolled Orientation of Discotic Liquid Crystals,” Adv. Mat., 12(13):950-953, (2000).
Kumar, “Discotic liquid crystals for solar cells,” Curr. Sci., 82(3):256-257 (2002).
Kumar, “Molecular engineering of discotic nematic liquid crystals,” Pramana J. Phys., 61(2): 199-203, (2003).
Liu et al., “Employing end-functional polythiophene to control the morphology of nanocrystalpolymer composites in hybrid solar cells,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126(21):6550-6551 (2004).
Milliron et al., “Electroactive Surfactant Designed to Mediate Electron Transfer Between CdSe Nanocrystals and Organic Semiconductors,” Adv. Mater., 15(1):58-61, (2003).
New Hybrid Solar Cells Combine Nanotech With Plastics, Mar. 29, 2002, http://www.cchem.berkeley.edu/editor/Publications
ews/spring2002/solarcells.htm.
Padinger et al., “Effects of Postproduction Treatment on Plastic Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater., 13(2):1-4, (2003).
Scher et al., “Shape control and applications of nanocrystals,” Philos. Transact. A Math Phys Eng Sci. 361:241-55; discussion 256-257, (2003).
Shaheen et al., “Polymer Based Nanostructured Donor-Acceptor Heterojunction Photovoltaic Devices, National Center for Photovoltaics and Solar Program Review Meeting Proceedings, Mar. 24-26, 2003,” National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL/CP-520-33597, (2003).
Tian et al., “Complex and oriented ZnO nanostructures,” Nat. Mater., (12):821-6 (2003), Epub. Nov. 23, 2003.
Wang, “Nanostructures of zinc oxide,” Materials Today, 26-33 (2004).
Wormser et al., “Polymer Photovoltaics—Challenges and Opportunites,” National Center for Photovoltaics and Solar Program Review Meeting Proceedings, 307-310, (2003).
Yin et al., “Zinc oxide quantum rods,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126(20):6206-6207, (2004).

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Photovoltaic cell does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Photovoltaic cell, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Photovoltaic cell will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2700564

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.