Absorbents for blood and serous body fluids

Details Absorbents for blood and serous body fluids Absorbents for blood and serous body fluids

1990-12-17

1992-03-03

Shay, Randy Citrin

Surgery

Means and methods for collecting body fluids or waste material

Absorbent pad for external or internal application and...

604358, 602 49, A61F 1316

Patent

active

RE0338397

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns absorbents for blood and other serous body fluids which are suitable for use in absorbent throw-away products for surgical and other medical purposes as well as for sanitary napkins.
In recent years was developed a number of different polymerizates which had high absorption capacity for water and body fluids. Most of these products were based on starch, such as, e.g., starch-acrylonitrile graft polymerizates (U.S. Pat. No. 3,997,484; 3,661,815; 4,155,888; 3,935,099), gelatinized starch derivatives (DE-OS No. 2,702,781), starch-acryloamideacryloamidopropane sulphonic acid graft polymerizate (U.S. patent application Ser. No. 955,827), or on cellulose, such as derivatives of alkyl or hydroxyalkyl cellulose (Jap. Pat. No. 77/125,481), carboxymethyl cellulose (Belg. Pat. No. 862,130; GBP No. 1,159,949) and on polysaccharides (DE-OS No. 2,650,377). The fully synthetic absorbents described in numerous patents comprise crosslinked acrylic or methacrylic acid polymers and copolymers (DE-OS No. 2,429,236; DE-OS No. 2,614,662; U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,018,951; 3,926,891; 4,066,583; 4,062,817; DE-OS No. 2,712,043; DE-OS No. 2,653,135; DE-OS No. 2,650,377; DE-OS No. 2,813,634) or maleic acid derivatives (U.S. Pat. No. 4,041,228).
All of these products are practically insoluble in water, absorb a multple of their weight in water, urine or other aqueous solutions but are practically without absorption capacity for blood because of their low dispersibility in blood.
On first contact with blood of the polymer absorbents constituting the state of the art, a skin forms on the drop of blood which acts as barrier against the penetration of the blood towards the absorbent particles. There result non-wetted absorbent particles and a drop of blood with a solid skin which on the inside, however, is filled with liquid blood.
A partial improvement of blood dispersibility of the absorbent was obtained in accordance with DE-OS No. 2,844,956 and EUP No. 0,009,977 in that a partly synthetic or fully synthetic absorbent in powder form is subsequently treated with polyethers (DE-OS No. 2,844,956) or with fat alcohols, fatty acids or fat esters (EUP No. 0,009,977), mostly dissolved in organic solvents.
Surprisingly, it was found that addition to the polymer absorbent of an inorganic or organic water-soluble compound present at normal temperature in form of a pourable powder is capable of accelerating the capillar flow of the blood through the mass of the particulate absorbent. In this manner, rapid distribution of the blood within the entire absorbent mass is achieved so that the blood can be absorbed at a faster rate.
The subject of the invention is an absorbent for blood and serous body fluids which is characterized in that it comprises at least two components, A and B, whereby component A is at least one water-swellable synthetic or natural polymer or copolymer and component B is at least one inorganic and/or organic compound which at normal temperature is present in form of a pourable powder and is water-soluble.
Suitable as Component A are the water-swellable polysaccharide polymers, such as cellulose, cellulose derivatives, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl cellulose, starch and starch derivatives and natural gums (xanthan gum, alginic acid) and their salts as well as the polymers and copolymers of (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylic acid derivatives, mainly homo- or copolymers of acrylic, methacrylic, acrylamidomethylpropane sulphonic acid, the salts of the aforegoing acids; of acrylic or methacrylic amide with each other or with vinyl pyrrolidone and/or vinyl acetate. The aforementioned polymers may be cross-linked by at least one bifunctional netting agent so that they are only swellable but not soluble in water. All of the polymers are produced in accordance with known methods.
Suitable as component B are inorganic or organic compounds which are solid at ambient temperature, preferably in form of a pourable powder.
Especially suitable as Component B are water-soluble salts of organic or inorgan

REFERENCES:
patent: 3121427 (1964-02-01), Mosier
patent: 3810468 (1974-05-01), Haper et al.
patent: 4058124 (1977-11-01), Yen et al.
patent: 4076663 (1978-02-01), Masuda
patent: 4190563 (1980-02-01), Bosley et al.
patent: 4259383 (1981-03-01), Eggensperger et al.
patent: 4333461 (1982-06-01), Muller

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