Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Live hair or scalp treating compositions – Polymer containing
Reexamination Certificate
2000-02-01
2001-02-27
Kulkosky, Peter F. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Live hair or scalp treating compositions
Polymer containing
C424S070150
Reexamination Certificate
active
06193961
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to homogeneous terpolymers of an N-vinyl lactam, and at least one vinyl polysiloxane in predetermined concentrations and in random monomer distribution in the terpolymer structure to more uniformly diffuse the individual properties of each monomer.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Several non-volatile polysiloxane polymers e.g. polyethylene oxide or polypropylene oxide modified types, (Dow Corning DC-1248) have been proposed as hair shampoo additives. Such polysiloxanes can be employed as encapsulating agents for active components as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,156,914. However, the use of most polysiloxanes in formulations is somewhat limited by their high water insolubility.
Many synthetic polymers containing vinyl lactams are employed in hair and skin care applications of the prior art. Representative of this art are U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,914,403; 3,954,960; 4,039,734, 4,057,533; 4,210,161; 4,223,009, 4,586,518; 4,764,363; 4,834,968; 4,842,850; 4,902,499; 4,906,459; 4,923,694; 4,963,348; 4,983,77; 5,011,895; 5,015,708; 5,126,124; 5,158,762; 5,275,809; 5,502,136; WO 91/15186; WO 91/15185; EPO 412704A2; EPO 0412707A1 and JP 57126409.
Several U.S. patents disclose the use of a N-vinyl lactam, an alkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide as a polymer suitable for use in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic arts, particularly for use in hair spray compositions. These patents are U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,910,862; 4,923,694; 5,045,617; 5,321,110; 5,492,988 and 5,637,296 and of these, only U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,492,988; 5,684,105; 5,609,865 and 5,626,836 disclose a homogeneous polymer structure. However, the homogeneous polymers of the prior art lack the essential third monomer unit of the present invention which provides superior shine and soft, silky appearance to the hair without sacrificing body building and durable film forming properties. Several patents describe the use of insoluble silicones with surfactants in shampoo formulations for removal of excess oils. These patents are PCT 760,132; U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,704,272; 4,741,855; 4,36,837 and 4,788,006. U.S. Pat. No. 5,156,914 describes the encapsulation of silicone oils and gums with surfactant in a polymer matrix for use in a shampoo formulation. However the discrete silicone droplets encapsulated in the polymer are not distributed throughout the polymer and diffusion of monomeric properties as in homogeneous polymers is not achieved. The PCT 760,132 graft polymers fails to obtain uniformity in the beneficial properties of homogeneous polymers.
The homogeneous polymer structure is achieved only by the processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,609,865; 5,626,836; 5,492,988 and 5,684,105 whose teachings are incorporated herein by reference. The homogeneous polymerization process generally comprises monitoring the feed rate of the more active monomer species with the rate of consumption of the less active monomer species.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a new and colorless terpolymer of homogeneous structure having additional benefits for cosmetic and personal care formulations.
Another object is to provide a polymer having superior hair luster and tone without sacrifice to body building and durable film forming properties for use in a hair fixative composition which terpolymer is quick drying and provides a soft natural appearance.
Another object centers on the ability to adjust the degree of hair hold and conditioning by the choice of certain polyfunctional monomers in the homogeneous terpolymer system.
Still another object is to provide a terpolymer having random distribution of monomer units in the polymer so as to substantially and uniformly distribute the properties of the individual monomers throughout the polymer.
These and other benefits and uses of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and disclosure.
DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this invention, the term “polymer” is intended to describe the polymer containing three distinct monomer unit species as more particularly defined hereinafter. The terms “acrylamide” and “acrylate” as used alone or in combined form, are intended to include the methacrylamide, methacrylate and visa versa. For example, “dimethylamino ethylmethacrylate” (DMAEMA) is intended to include dimethylamino ethylacrylate, used alone or both in admixture unless otherwise indicated. Similarly, “dimethylamino propylmethacrylamide” (DMAPMA), is intended to include dimethylamino propyl acrylamide, used alone or both in admixture unless otherwise indicated.
A personal care concentrate of the present invention as used for example in a hair spray, hair styling mousse or gel, comprises the present homogeneous terpolymer concentrate diluted in an aqueous, aqueous-alcoholic or alcohol solvent wherein the concentration of the polymer is between about 0.1 and about 10 wt. %, preferably between about 0.5 and about 2 wt. %. Before dilution, the concentrate contains between about 10 and about 70 wt. %, preferably between about 30 and about 55 wt. % terpolymer in aqueous and/or alcoholic solution.
A 50-60% VOC (volatile organic compounds) pump hair spray composition is a solution or suspension of the present homogeneous terpolymer containing from about 1 to about 10% solids, preferably from about 2 to about 5.5% solids, in 60% or less solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. ethanol, the remainder being water and excipients at the option of the formulator but preferably contains a corrosion inhibitor.
A 50-60% VOC aerosol hair spray of this invention contains between about 1 and about 10% solids, preferably between about 2 and about 4% solids, in a microsuspension of the homogeneous terpolymer, 20% or less alcohol, preferably ethanol, and 35% or less propellant, e.g. dimethyl ether. Generally the composition also contains a neutralizer and other excipients as well as a corrosion inhibitor, e.g. ethoxylated butynediol, a thioester, etc.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with this invention there is provided a homogeneous terpolymer of (a) from about 32 to about 90 wt. % of a N-vinyl lactam, (b) from about 5 to about 48 wt. % of dimethylaminoalkyl acrylate or acrylamide and(c) from about 0.5 to about 20 wt. % of a mono- or poly-functional polysiloxane monomer
The N-vinyl pyrrolidone (VP) and/or N-vinyl caprolactam (VCL) components may optionally contain one or two C
1
to C
4
alkyl groups substituted on their respective heterocyclic rings.
The terpolymers of this invention have a weight average molecular weight of from about 10,000 to about 5,000,000, a Hack turbidity preferably less than 5 and contain an excess amount of the vinyl lactam units.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Within the broad definition of the present polymer, the preferred homogeneous polymer of this invention contains, as the first component, from about 40 to about 85 wt. % of the N-vinyl lactam moiety, most preferably from 60 to 80 wt. %. The N-vinyl lactam component comprises from 0 to 100% VP, from 0 to 100% VCL or mixtures of these monomers; these monomers being most preferably unsubstituted. When a mixture of VP and VCL is employed, a mole ratio of between about 5:1 and about 1:5 is preferred.
The second quaternized or non-quaternized amino component of the polymer which is employed in a minor amount with respect to the vinyl lactam, is preferably present at a concentration of from about 10 to about 30 wt. % and is an acrylate or acrylamide defined by the formula:
wherein R
1
is hydrogen or methyl; R
2
is C
2
to C
20
alkylene; n has a value of 0 or 1;
X is oxygen or
R
6
, R
3
and R
4
are each independently hydrogen or C
1
to C
4
alkyl; R
5
is C
1
to C
5
alkyl and A is any anion including a halide, sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, tosylate etc. As the second (b) component, mixtures of quaternized and non-quaternized compounds are included as well as mixtures of compounds designated by X such as mixtures of aminoalkyl acrylate and aminoalkylacrylamide in a quaternized or non-quaternized state. Particularly pref
Liu Kou-Chang
Shih Jenn S.
Davis William J.
ISP Investments Inc.
Katz Walter
Kulkosky Peter F.
Maue Marilyn J.
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