Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Enzyme or coenzyme containing – Hydrolases
Reexamination Certificate
1998-07-09
2001-05-01
Henley, III, Raymond (Department: 1614)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Enzyme or coenzyme containing
Hydrolases
C514S400000, C514S561000, C514S565000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06224861
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to an amino acid composition prepared based on the knowledge about amino acid components found in hornet (Vespa mandalinia) larval saliva. More particularly, this invention relates to an amino acid composition which supplements blood amino acids reduced during hard exercise and which could improve motor function, reduce exhaustion after exercise and help recovery from fatigue and a supplementary liquid comprising such amino acid composition.
PRIOR ART
There have been little reports on larvae of the hornet, in particular, on the larval saliva of the hornet. Thus, a composition of the larval saliva of the hornet has never been elucidated. There has been no knowledge about what nutrients provide sufficient energy for marvelous muscle endurance of the hornet.
The inventors of this invention have studied larval saliva of various kinds of hornets and determined a composition of the saliva. As a result, they have found that the saliva has an effect to control lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and elucidated the effect ingredients of the saliva. They have also found that an amino acid nutritient liquid secreted by the larval hornet controls the metabolism of lipid and carbohydrate during exercise when it is orally administered (see, for example , JP-A-3-128318, JP-A-4-95026, JP-A-4-112825 and JP-A-4-120020).
The inventors have already found that the hornet nutrient liquid restrains the formation of fatigue substances and prevents the reduction of blood sugar level during exercise and increases the motor function. They have also found that the mechanism of the action is in that the liquid accelerates the utilization of lipid to provide energy for exercise. It has bee suggested that VAAM (Vespa Amino Acid Mixture), a main ingredient of the nutrient liquid would have various effects such as recovery from fatigue during exercise in addition to the actions mentioned above.
On the other hand, it has also been known that blood amino acid balance is significantly lost by exercise fatigue. It is believed that this is resulted from wear and breakdown of body tissues by the stress during exercise. However, so far, no attention has been paid to physiological meaning and significance of such lost of blood amino acid balance.
The inventors of the present invention have farther studied the relationship between the amino acid composition of the VAAM and blood amino acid levels after exercise. As a result, they have found that the amino acid composition of the VAAM has very high correlation with the blood amino acid levels which are reduced according to fatigue after exercise. Namely, the higher the reduction of an amino acid level in blood due to fatigue, the higher the level of the amino acid in the VAAM.
Accordingly, it is believed that supplement of these amino acids would be essential for improvement of motor function and recovery from fatigue. As described above, the present invention has been completed based on the finding that human blood amino acid level reduced by exercise fatigue has very high correlation with the amino acid composition of the VAAM.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide an amino acid composition which supplements blood amino acids which are reduced during hard exercise and has the ability to increase motor function, to reduce fatigue and to help recovery from fatigue, in particular a supplementary liquid.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method which restrains the variation of blood amino acid levels during hard exercise to keep the blood amino acid level constant, and an amino acid composition which is used in the method, in particular a supplementary liquid.
The present invention provides an amino add composition comprising the following amino acids at the molar ratio indicated below hereinafter the composition may also be referred to as HVAAM).
Proline
12.6 to 23.4 moles
Alanine
8.4 to 15.6 moles
glycine
13.3 to 24.9 moles
valine
8.2 to 15.4 moles
threonine
5.0 to 9.4 moles
leucine
4.3 to 8.1 moles
histidine
1.8 to 11.9 moles
serine
1.7 to 3.3 moles
lysine
6.0 to 11.2 moles
isoleucine
3.1 to 5.9 moles
glutamic acid
2.2 to 10.4 moles
arginine
2.4 to 4.6 moles
phenylalanine
2.6 to 5.0 moles
tyrosine
4.2 to 7.8 moles
and
trypsin
1.5 to 2.9 moles.
The present invention also provides a method for restraining the change in blood amino acid levels during exercise, which comprises administering HVAAM to a mammal.
Further, the present invention provides an amino acid composition for a restraining the change in blood amino acid levels during exercise, which comprises amino acids in molar ratio equal to that in the VAAM, or between ±30% of the ratio in the VAAM (that is, between 30% greater than the ratio in the VAAM and 30% lower than the ratio in the VAAM, preferably ±20% of the ratio in the VAAM, more preferably ±10% of the ratio in the VAAM, that is, an amino acid composition comprising the following amino acids at the following molar ratio. Hereinafter, the amino acid compositions may also be generically named as “VAAM”. The invention also provides a method for restraining the change in blood amino acid levels during exercise, which comprises administering the amino acid composition to a mammal.
Proline
12.6 to 23.4 moles
Alanine
4.2 to 7.8 moles
Glycine
13.3 to 24.9 moles
Valine
4.1 to 7.7 moles
Threonine
5.0 to 9.4 moles
Leucine
4.3 to 8.1 moles
Histidine
1.8 to 3.8 moles
Serine
1.7 to 3.3 moles
Lysine
6.0 to 11.2 moles
Isoleucine
3.1 to 5.9 moles
glutamic acid
2.2 to 4.2 moles
arginine
2.4 to 4.6 moles
phenylalanine
2.6 to 5.0 moles
tyrosine
4.2 to 7.8 moles
trypsin
1.5 to 2.9 moles
The present invention also relates to use of HVAAM for the preparation of an amino acid composition which can supplement blood amino acids reduced during hard exercise to improve motor function, to reduce the fatigue after exercise and to help recovery from the fatigue; use of VAAM for the preparation of an amino acid composition which can supplement blood amino acids reduced during hard exercise to improve motor function, to reduce the fatigue after exercise and to help recovery from the fatigue; use of HVAAM for the preparation of an amino acid composition which can restrain the change in blood amino acid levels to keep the levels constant; and, use of VAAM for the preparation of an amino acid composition which can restrain the change in blood amino acid levels to keep the levels constant.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3-128318 (1991-05-01), None
patent: 4-120020 (1992-01-01), None
patent: 4-95026 (1992-03-01), None
patent: 8-198748 (1996-08-01), None
Hiroshi Tsuchita, et al., Database Chemabs, Chemical Abstracts Service, AN 127:16965, vol. 17, No. 6, “Effects of a Vespa Amino Acid Mixture Identical to Hornet Larval Saliva on the Blood Biochemical Indices of Running Rats”, 1997.
Takashi Abe, Database Chemabs, Chemical Abstracts Service, AN 122:287556, vol. 16, No. 1, “Effect of Vespa Amino Acid Mixture from Hornet Larval Saliva on Endurance Exercise”, 1995.
Takashi Abe, et al., Database Biosis, Biosciences Information Service, AN 1995:340637, vol. 44, No. 2, “Effects of Vespa Amino Acid Mixture (VAAM) Isolated from Hornet Larval Saliva and Modified VAAM on Endurance Exercise in Swimming Mice: Improvement in Performance and Changes of Blood Lactate and Glucose”, 1995.
Hiromichi Kobayashi et al., “Oral Amino Acid Compositions Promoting Recovery from Physical and Metal Fatigue”, Chemical Abstracts, vol. 125, No. 17, 125:220495e, 1996. Corresponds with JP 8-198748 listed above.
Susan M. Garthwaite et al., “Increased Permeability to Sugar Following Muscle Contraction”, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol 257, No. 9, May 10, 1992, pp. 5008-5012.
Abe Takashi
Iida Koji
Tsuchita Hiroshi
Henley III Raymond
Oblon & Spivak, McClelland, Maier & Neustadt P.C.
The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research.
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