Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Chemical reactor – Waste gas purifier
Reexamination Certificate
1998-07-10
2001-03-20
Tran, Hien (Department: 1764)
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Chemical reactor
Waste gas purifier
C422S171000, C422S172000, C422S180000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06203763
ABSTRACT:
The present invention concerns a filter or catalyst apparatus through which a fluid median flows. In that respect the present invention concerns filter apparatuses for separating solids and/or aerosols which are distributed in the fluid medium by deposit on a surface. The present invention further concerns catalyst apparatuses in which the fluid medium is brought into contact with a catalytically active surface in order to produce corresponding chemical reactions in the fluid medium.
The main problem with apparatuses of that kind involves as far as possible bringing all of the fluid medium into contact with a surface, while at the same time the flow resistance for the fluid medium is to be minimised.
In accordance with the invention that object is attained in that the apparatus comprises stationary and movable parts, and the fluid medium is so guided that it flows alternately through respective stationary and moved parts of the apparatus.
In catalyst apparatuses that object can also be attained in that the carrier body includes grills or apertured plates which carry the catalytic substance and through which the fluid medium flows, and there is provided a drive device which moves the grills or apertured plates perpendicularly to the direction of flow of the fluid medium.
If this design in accordance with the invention is used as an oil filter for the crankcase discharge gases in the intake region of the carburettor of a carburettor engine or as an exhaust gas cleaning device in the exhaust gas system of a piston engine, a further substantial advantage is that the apparatus acts as a sound damper and considerably reduces the induction or exhaust gas noises.
In that respect it is preferred that the movable parts rotate in a cylindrical housing as the drive for the movable parts requires the lowest level of energy expenditure, when the movement is a rotating movement. The cylindrical shape of the housing follows from the rotational movement.
In that respect it is further preferred that the axis of rotation of the movable parts is disposed coaxially with respect to the cylindrical shape of the housing. In that way the amount of space required for the apparatus can be minimised.
In particular it is preferred that a drive device is disposed at one of the end faces of the cylinder. A preferred embodiment provides that the movable parts are of disc form and that the stationary parts which are arranged therebetween are flat. That provides that the apparatus is of a particularly compact construction.
Preferably a gas intake connection is arranged at the one end of the cylinder and a gas outlet connection is arranged at the opposite end of the cylinder. The flow of the medium in the apparatus is optimised in that way.
In that case the openings may be in respective mutually opposite annular regions of the movable and stationary parts, thereby producing very intensive turbulence in the medium.
A particularly simple manufacturing option for the apparatus is achieved by the movable parts being arranged on a common shaft.
If the apparatus serves for the separation of an aerosol from the medium, it is preferable for the axis of rotation of the movable parts to be disposed horizontally, for the gas intake connection and the gas outlet connection to be arranged at the top side of the housing, and for an outlet opening for the separated liquid to be additionally provided at the underside of the housing.
In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the invention the movable and stationary parts are in the form of hollow cylinders and are disposed alternately coaxially relative to each other. That provides for a constant relative speed as between the movable parts and the medium flowing through the apparatus.
In that case it is preferred for a gas intake connection to be arranged at the periphery of the cylinder and for a gas outlet connection to be arranged at the lower end thereof. Due to the centrifugal effect of the rotating cylinders, substances which are to be separated off in that way are always moved away from the gas outlet and improved clearing of the medium can be achieved.
Preferably in this case also the openings are disposed in respective mutually oppositely arranged regions of the movable and stationary parts.
The apparatus is of a particularly simple design configuration if the movable parts which are in the form of hollow cylinders are arranged on a common driven carrier disc.
If this apparatus is to be used for the purposes of separating aerosols out of the medium, it is particularly advantageous if an outlet opening for the liquid which is separated off is additionally provided at the underside of the housing.
The apparatuses according to the invention can be particularly economically produced if the stationary and the movable parts are in the form of apertured plates, and in that case particularly advantageous coating with a catalyst material is possible, for example by sputtering.
A particularly light construction for the apparatuses according to the invention is achieved if the stationary and the movable parts are in the form of grills.
Preferably the drive is an electric motor.
In order further to enhance the efficiency of the apparatus, the stationary and/or the movable parts of the apparatus can be hollow and can be in communication with a feed device for an auxiliary gas.
If the movable parts of the apparatus are hollow, a particularly advantageous specific shape for the outlet openings for the auxiliary gas is one in which they are formed by outward bulge portions which rise in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation and form a rearwardly directed opening. By virtue of that arrangement, an even greater reduced pressure for suction of the auxiliary gas can be generated by virtue of the rotary movement of the movable parts of the apparatus, and at the same time that configuration prevents clogging of the openings with fouling matter.
This apparatus can be embodied in a particularly simple fashion if the auxiliary gas is air.
In a pure catalyst apparatus the carrier body may be for example in the form of a disc disposed in the plane perpendicularly to the direction of flow. That provides that the catalyst apparatus is of a very small construction.
Preferably however the carrier body is in the form of a cylindrical or frustoconical or conical drum. That arrangement means that it is possible to treat particularly large amounts of gas.
As only a very slight pressure drop occurs in the catalyst apparatuses according to the invention when the gas flows through the carrier body, there is the possibility here of for example feeding fresh air to the exhaust gas flow in the case of exhaust gas catalytic converters for motor vehicles. In that way, it is always possible to ensure that there is an excess of oxygen in the exhaust gas to be treated by the catalytic converter, without expensive regulation by the lambda probe. Thus the expensive lambda control system can be omitted and/or the engine can be operated with a better level of efficiency and/or a higher compression ratio.
It is then particularly preferred for the further medium (for example the fresh air) to be fed to the intake side of the catalytic converter by means of a driven device for conveying that medium.
It is further preferred, when using carrier bodies of a drum-like configuration, for the carrier bodies to be arranged in a chamber whose cross-section corresponds to a polygon, perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the drum.
Preferably, in that arrangement, devices which oppose a rotary movement of the medium can additionally be provided in the interior of the chamber.
Preferably an electric motor can be used as the drive device. It is likewise possible for the drive device to be an exhaust gas drive, that is to say for example a turbine wheel which is driven by the exhaust gas flow. In that case the turbine wheel may also be mounted directly on the drum-like carrier body. It is also possible for the drive energy to be taken from an engine whose exhaust gases are fed to the catalyst apparatus.
Domingue & Waddell PLC
Tran Hien
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