Textiles: knitting – Fabrics or articles – Materials
Reexamination Certificate
2000-09-14
2001-09-18
Worrell, Danny (Department: 3741)
Textiles: knitting
Fabrics or articles
Materials
C066S170000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06289702
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to a relatively thin, heterogeneous knitted fabric comprising metal fibres and other fibres in which, more specifically, the yarn composition of the zone bordering its one surface differs from that bordering its other surface. Provided that the other fibres can also resist extreme temperatures, the knitted fabrics can be used for applications in very cold or in very hot environments.
Custom-made heterogeneous knitted fabrics comprising metal fibre yarns are already known from the applicant's patent WO 94/01373. The knitting pattern may hereby differ in predetermined zones over their surface, and/or through the thickness of the cloth. Patent WO 94/01372 also describes the application of this sort of heterogeneous fabric as separation cloth in the moulding of plate glass at high temperature. There is also an ever-increasing demand, in such production and in other applications, for relatively thin heterogeneous knitted fabrics comprising metal fibres that combine a relatively high air permeability with some measure of insulating capacity. The weight of such fabrics will preferably be kept to a minimum, despite the necessary proportion of contained metal fibres.
The heterogeneous knitted fabric comprising metal fibre according to the present invention attempts to meet this requirement by providing a plain flat knitted structure in which yarns having a high metal fibre content are present near the one surface, while yarns having a low metal fibre content are present near the other. The expression “high metal fibre content” is here to be understood to mean at least 30% metal fibres by volume, preferably more than 40% by volume, and even yarns consisting of 100% metal fibre. “Low metal fibre content” is here to be understood to mean less than 12% metal fibre by volume and, preferably, less than 7% by volume. The low-content yarn may even consist 100% of other fibres. These may be carbon, glass, basalt, ceramic or synthetic fibres. The knitted fabric generally weighs less than 2000 g/m
2
and, preferably, will be of a weight of less than 1500 g/m
2
.
In order to procure the best possible fabric density (air permeability), the yarns bordering one surface, and those bordering the other surface (see overleaf) will preferably be oriented in parallel—according to the same knitting pattern—and be contiguous with each other. They behave, so to speak, as twin yarns, and can be plain flat knitted, as weft thread on a circular knitting machine or on a flat knitting machine. The machine separation can, depending amongst other things on yarn thickness, be optionally between 5 and 30 gauge for round knitting and between 5 and 20 gauge for flat knitting. The yarns having a high and those having a low metal fibre content are thus simultaneously drawn in for knitting towards the same needle, each placed under sufficient tension to form a flat-knit fabric (single stitch layer) in which one of the yarns always passes in front of the other, known as plating technique. The yarns with a low metal fibre content are usually smoother than those with a high metal fibre content. This facilitates the flat knitting operation.
The yarns with a high metal fibre content are, preferably, staple fibre yarns in which the metal fibres, for example stainless steel fibres, have a diameter of between 4 &mgr;m and 50 &mgr;m. The yarns on the opposite side of the cloth may be filament yarns of 100% glass, basalt or carbon or synthetic filaments with a diameter below 40 &mgr;m. Suitable synthetic filaments include polyaramid or polyimide filaments (Kevlar (R)), brand name of du Pont de Nemours, Twaron (R), brand name of AKZO/ENKA). Spun yarns, whether or not twisted yarn consisting of one or more sorts of fibre, are equally suitable.
During the flat knitting process, one type of yarn (with high metal fibre content) can be used as well as another (with little or no metal fibres) so as to produce a fabric with zones presenting knitting patterns over its surface with differing weight per m
2
, density (air permeability), stretchability or electrical conductivity. The fabric may also contain a fine interlining yarn, e.g., to reinforce the fabric as described in the applicant's Belgian patent appli-cation 97/00614. Finally, a single layer fabric zone as described above can be incorporated locally within a surroun-ding—e.g. double layer—knitted structure on a flat knit-ting machine. This then produces a knitted fabric containing the relatively thin heterogeneous knitted fabric over part of its surface. The cloth is thus heterogeneous through its thickness as well as over its surface.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3806959 (1974-04-01), Gross
patent: 1011278 A3 (1999-07-01), None
patent: 44 01 417 (1994-07-01), None
patent: 94/01373 (1994-01-01), None
patent: 94/01372 (1994-01-01), None
patent: 97/04152 (1997-02-01), None
Heirbaut Guido
Van Steenlandt Wim
Foley & Lardner
N.V. Bekaert S.A.
Worrell Danny
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