Fuel and related compositions – Candle composition
Reexamination Certificate
1998-12-16
2001-05-01
Warden, Jill (Department: 1743)
Fuel and related compositions
Candle composition
C512S001000, C431S288000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06224641
ABSTRACT:
FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates initially to a process for producing a paraffin-based object, in particular a candle, with a proportion of a perfume.
Production processes of this kind are known. For example, a desired perfume, for example an essential oil, is added to the paraffin base substance of a candle. On account of the very limited solubility of such perfumes in paraffin, it is however not possible to achieve much more than a concentration of 2 to 3%, with reference to the volume, in such a candle in respect of perfumes. In addition, the solubility of perfumes in paraffin is strongly temperature dependent. If the perfumes are introduced into liquid paraffin, there is also the risk that on recrystallising of the paraffin, these perfumes are forced out of the substance system. The perfumes may separate out as an oily film on the outer layer of the candle.
In order to create the specifically desired aroma, it is as a rule known to mix a multiplicity of perfumes as individual compounds. Typically, 20 to 40 individual perfumes are frequently brought together into a specified aroma flavour. The mixture results in a solvent, which itself may be an aromatic substance but may also be odourless. This solvent may also function as a fixing agent, with reference to its fixing effect in regard to the individual aromatic substances. The concentration in the fixative may vary. In connection with the present application, reference is made to the weight proportion of the perfumes themselves.
A major proportion of candles are made from the technological point of view in accordance with the powder press process. Here it is only possible to introduce perfumes in so far as a paraffin compact is provided with an appropriate dipped layer, in which a perfume is worked in. Also, the dipped layer consists substantially of paraffin. In this however, the limited solubility of perfumes in paraffin, already mentioned, sets in like manner the limits. With reference to the overall mass of a candle manufactured in this way, only a very small concentration of perfume or a very limited fraction of perfume can therefore be achieved according to this process.
It has also been attempted to introduce perfumes, which as a rule are provided as an oily substance, by spraying into solidified paraffin material, namely paraffin powder particles. In a subsequent press stage, the circumstance has however then come about that these fluid perfumes function during a press stage as a separating medium between the individual paraffin particles and it is not therefore possible to achieve the desired solid compacts.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the invention is to provide a process in which, for a paraffin-based object, in particular a candle, it is possible to achieve a desired high concentration of perfume. The invention is further concerned also with the technical problem of providing an advantageous concentration of perfume. In addition also, the invention is concerned with a paraffin-based object having a high proportion of perfume.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
According to the invention, the perfume is dissolved in a solvent containing an ester, especially an organic ester, for example triglyceride, and the solution thus obtained is in turn added to or dissolved in the paraffin. It has been found that fluid or oily perfume substances, in particular essential oils, may be solidified in a simple manner by being added to an organic ester. This organic ester may be a single component or it may be prepared as a mixture from components such as palm oil, palm stearin, palm kernel oil, rape seed oil or animal tallow. The term “perfume” as used here includes not only natural products, such as essential oils, but also synthetically produced aromatic substances and perfumes. In addition, the term also includes all those organic substances which have their own smell. A perfume concentrate obtained as above, i.e. a solution of a perfume oil or a perfume fluid in an ester, is thus provided in solid form. In its physical properties, a perfume concentrate provided in such a manner equates approximately to a mixture of 80% pasty paraffin with approximately 20% palm oil, in particular a palm oil such as has, at approximately 30° C., a penetration of 6 mm
−1
. Overall, such a perfume concentrate then has the property of a waxy substance with a significantly raised solidification point of approximately 37° C., compared with the oil fraction, and a penetration at 30° C. of approximately 130 mm
−1
. The perfume concentrate is present in solid form.
The perfume fraction in the above-mentioned solution may amount to more than 10% by weight and up to 80% by weight.
It is also further preferred that up to 50% by weight of the solution consists of a microwax. Microwaxes are known as paraffin mixtures from different hydrocarbons, but contain predominantly iso-paraffins. Surprisingly, microwaxes have been shown to influence in an advantageous manner the crystallisation behaviour of the esters, in particular of triglycerides. There are here in question especially microwaxes that have a solidification point in the region of 68° C. to 64° C., for a proportion of iso-paraffins of more than 75% and an oil content of greater than 3.5%.
A perfume concentrate thus obtained may be added in simple manner to a paraffin. It may for example, in accordance with powder press technology, be broken up into small, powder-form components and mixed with the paraffin powder mass before the pressing step in such a manner that there is achieved a thoroughly homogenised distribution of the aromatic substances in a candle then produced in this manner. In the concentrate described, a fraction of aromatic substances of up to 60% is achieved. In this regard, reference is made to a weight fraction.
The perfume concentrate mentioned is not only introducible in the case of paste-form base materials for candles, but may basically be used for all candle raw materials. In particular, it may be used for paraffins or substances based on paraffin such as have a melting point up to 105° C. and/or a paraffin fraction of at least 75%.
In regard to the perfume concentrate, it is further preferred, in contrast to the foregoing, for the concentrate to be added also in fluid form to the fluid candle base mass and subsequently sprayed to a powder together with this candle base mass. The perfume concentrate may also have a fraction of up to 70% by weight of perfume oil, i.e. in excess of the 60% mentioned previously. This equates to up to 35% (weight percent) of perfumes in the finished product, i.e. the candle.
A further subject of the invention is a perfume concentrate, which has a proportion of an ester, in particular an organic ester, such as especially an ester on the basis of triglycerides, for example palm oil, palm stearin, palm kernel oil, rape seed oil, animal tallow and/or an ester-wax acid mixture, in which perfume concentrate, a perfume, in particular a perfume oil, such as for example an essential oil, is contained. An ester-wax acid mixture may also be provided, which may be prepared as a mixture from fatty acid glycerides, wax acid esters, montan wax or the like. The fraction of perfumes or perfume oils in this mixture may be between 20 and 80%, preferably one-third to two-thirds, referred to the weight. It is also preferred, in a further embodiment, that the fraction remaining after the perfume, of one-third to two-thirds referred to the weight, consists of up to 50% of a microwax (micro-crystalline wax or paraffin). In regard to the term microwaxes, further reference is also made to the embodiments above. The perfumes or the perfume oil is preferably dissolved in the ester or in the modifications mentioned and/or in the fraction of microwax.
A paraffin-based object having a high perfume fraction is also a subject of the invention, for example a candle. This object is characterised in that it consists of a waxy substance having a fraction of an organic ester and/or an acid-wax mixture, the paraffin fractio
Matthai Michael
Matzat Norbert
Starke Claus
Cole Monique T.
Farber Martin A.
Schumann Sasol GmbH & Co. KG
Warden Jill
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