1979-12-21
1982-07-20
Skudy, R.
Cutlery
F16C 3900
Patent
active
043402615
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a magnetic bearing arrangement known from German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,341,766 and including a rotor and a stator each provided with a ring or disc shaped permanent magnet with repulsive magnetic bearing forces being active between the rotor and the stator. Due to the essentially radially directed magnetization of the permanent magnet rings in the known bearing arrangement, the rotor is passively stabilized in the radial direction. However, in the direction perpendicular to the direction of magnetization, i.e., in the axial direction, there then occur destabilizing forces. For that reason, an electromagnetic control device with toroidal windings and further permanent magnet rings is provided to stabilize the rotor in the axial direction. It has been found that such an arrangement requires a considerable amount of space as well as high expenditures for the permanent magnet rings. Moreover, the manufacture of such an arrangement provides difficult since the toroidal windings and permanent magnets providing the axial stabilization must be aligned with great precision with respect to the permanent magnet rings providing the radial stabilization.
It is therefore the object of the invention to avoid the above-mentioned difficulties by providing a magnetic bearing arrangement which is of simple design and can be produced at low cost.
The magnetic bearing arrangement according to the invention is distinguished by simple design and optimum utilization of the provided magnetic material, i.e., the permanent magnet rings. It is of particular significance that the integration of toroidal windings and permanent magnet rings has created a compact bearing arrangement which is closed on itself and which effects the passive stabilization of the rotor, for example in the radial direction, as well as the controlled active stabilization in the axial direction. The toroidal windings are preferably arranged between the permanent magnet rings on the side of the stator so that the permanent magnet rings on the side of the rotor simultaneously coact with the toroidal windings and the permanent magnet rings. Due to the spatial combination of permanent magnet rings and toroidal windings, separate and complicated installation or alignment, respectively, as it is necessary with the prior art arrangement, is no longer required.
According to a preferred embodiment, axially magnetized permanent magnet rings are provided for an arrangement having an axial annular air gap, the axially juxtaposed permanent magnet rings each being magnetized in opposite directions. Such magnet rings can be manufactured very easily. In an advantageous modification, the toroidal windings are surrounded by U-shaped rings of soft iron, thus realizing favorable guidance for the magnetic field lines. Such use has been found to be of particular advantage in an elongate rotor, especially in the area of each of the rotor ends. Such a rotor which is designed, in particular, to serve as a spindle in the spinning industry or as a spinning rotor in an open-end spinning machine, rotates about its major axis of inertia so that the bearing forces to be generated are comparatively low even if there is an imbalance. Moreover, mechanical abutments are provided to prevent the rotor from being brought too far out of its desired position by the destabilizing magnetic forces. These abutments also serve as emergency bearings which prevent damage when the toroidal winding is switched off. It must be emphasized that permanent magnet rings are understood to include not only closed rings but also arrangements made of individual segments. The permanent magnet rings are preferably made of a ferroplastic material in which small particles having hard magnetic properties are present in uniform distribution in a plastic. The invention relates to arrangements in which the rotor is designed as an internal rotor or as an external rotor.
The invention will be described in detail herebelow with the aid of an embodiment that is illustrated in the drawing.
The basic illu
REFERENCES:
patent: 3216349 (1965-11-01), Kraft
patent: 3791704 (1974-02-01), Perper
patent: 3860300 (1975-01-01), Lyman
patent: 3958842 (1976-05-01), Telle
patent: 4043614 (1977-08-01), Lyman
patent: 4065189 (1977-12-01), Sikorra
patent: 4072370 (1978-02-01), Wasson
Skudy R.
Teldix GmbH
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