Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Process of preserving substrate combined with dyeing or...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-07-05
2001-08-28
Einsmann, Margaret (Department: 1751)
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Process of preserving substrate combined with dyeing or...
C008S557000, C008S558000, C008S675000, C008S924000, C008S930000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06280482
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to a method of treating natural or synthetic polyamide fibre materials to improve the stability of the dyes to ozone exposure.
Dyeings, and prints made with dyes, often show themselves to be of high sensitivity to ozone. Anthraquinone dyes, for example, are easily broken down by ozone oxidation and so change their absorption characteristics and hence the colour. This phenomenon is observed in the case of blue anthraquinone dyes in particular. The hue of a trichromatic dyeing based on blue anthraquinone dyes on a nylon carpet, for example, is easily altered by exposure to ozone. This defect is generally countered by treating the dyed polyamide fibre material with resins based on phenol-formaldehyde condensates. However, the known ozone stabilizers have disadvantages, such as poor efficacy or an adverse effect on other fastness properties—the light fastness, for example. There is therefore a need for improved ozone stabilizers for the treatment of natural or synthetic polyamide fibre materials, dyed in particular with anionic dyes, without the abovementioned disadvantages.
It has now been found that the stability of dyeings made, for example, with anionic dyes on polyamide fibre material can be improved without adversely affecting other fastness properties if these dyeings are subjected to treatment with certain homopolymers or copolymers.
The present invention therefore provides a method of improving the stability to ozone exposure of dyes on natural or synthetic polyamide fibre materials, which comprises treating the fibre material, before, during or after dyeing, with a liquor comprising a homopolymer or copolymer having structural repeating units of formula (1)
in which
R
1
is substituted or unsubstituted C
1
-C
4
alkyl.
Examples of suitable C
1
-C
4
alkyl for R
1
are methyl, ethyl, n- or iso-propyl, n-, iso-, sec- or tert-butyl, these alkyl radicals being unsubstituted or substituted, for example, by halogen, such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine, hydroxyl or sulfo.
R
1
is preferably C
1
-C
4
alkyl and especially methyl.
The homopolymers or copolymers used in accordance with the invention as ozone stabilizers preferably contain from 50 to 100 mol % and, in particular, from 80 to 100 mol % of structural repeating units of formula (1). Where the polymers used in accordance with the invention are copolymers, examples of suitable copolymerizable monomers are compounds that contain anionic or nonionic groups.
Examples of monomers containing anionic groups are the following unsaturated compounds: acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid, vinylacetic acid vinyloxyacetic acid, vinylpropionic acid, crotonic acid, aconitic acid, allylacetic acid, allyloxyacetic acid, &agr;,&bgr;-dimethylacrylic acid, allylmalonic acid, allyloxymalonic acid, methylenemalonic acid, glutaconic acid, &bgr;-carboxyethyl acrylate, allyloxy-3-hydroxybutanoic acid, allylsuccinic acid, acrylamidoglycolic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, (meth)allylsulfonic acid, (meth)acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, (meth)acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, (meth)acrylamidoethanesulfonic acid, (methacrylamidomethanesulfonic acid, sulfopropyl (meth)acrylate and styrenesuffonic add.
Examples of monomers containing nonionic groups are the following unsaturated compounds:
maleic anhydride, vinylcaprolactam, diallylamine, N-methyidiallylamine, N-ethyidiallylamine, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylformamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-methylformamide, N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-ethylacetamide, N-vinylimidazole, N-vinyl-N-methylimidazole, N-vinylimidazoline, N-vinyl-2-methyimdazoline, N-vinylcaprolactam, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, C
1
-C
22
alkyl vinyl ketone, C
1
-C
22
alkyl vinyl ethers, olefins such as ethylene, propylene, isobutene, styrene or its derivatives, such as hydroxystyrene, 1,2-dimethoxyethylene, hydroxy-C
1
-C
4
alkyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid C
1
-C22alkyl esters, (meth)acrolein, (meth)acrylonitrile, (meth)acrylamide, N-mono/N,N-di-C
1
-C
10
alkyl (meth)acrylamide, (C
1
-C
4
)alkoxy (meth)acrylates, N,N-di-Cl-C
2
alkylamino-C
1
-C
4
alkyl (meth)acrylates, unsaturated acetals, ketals or orthocarboxylic esters such as 2,5-dimethoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran and 2-methoxy-3,4dihydro-2H-pyran. Preferred copolymerizable monomers in the polymers used in accordance with the invention are:
acrylic acid, maleic acid, vinylacetic acid, acrylamidoglycolic acid, (meth)acrylamido-methanesulfonic add, vinylsulfonic acid, (methallylsulfonic acid, (meth)acrylamidomethyl-propanesulfonic acid, (meth)acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, (meth)acrylamidoethane-sulfonic add, (meth)acrylamidomethanesulfonic add, sulfopropyl (meth)acrylate, 4-styrene-sulfonic acid, maleic anhydride, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl-N-methylformamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinylimidazole, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, C
1
-C
10
alkyl vinyl ketone, C
1
-C
6
alkyl vinyl ethers, ethylene, propylene, isobutene, styrene, hydroxy-ethyl/propyl/butyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid C
1
-C
6
alkyl esters, (meth)acrolein, (meth)acrylonitrile, (meth)acrylamide, N-mono/N,N-di-C
1
-C
6
alkyl (meth)acrylamide, 2,5dimethoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran and 2-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran.
Especially preferred copolymerizable monomers in the polymers used in accordance with the invention are: vinylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 3-(meth)acrylamidopropane-sulfonic acid, maleic anhydride, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl-N-methyl-formamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-viny-N-methylacetamide, N-vinylimidazole, vinyl acetate, styrene, hydroxy-ethyvpropyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid C
1
-C
6
alkyl esters, (meth)acrylonitrile, (meth)acrylamide, N-mono/N,N-di-C
1
-C
6
alkyl (meth)acrylamide and 2-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran.
Particularly important copolymerizable monomers in the polymers used in accordance with the invention are: vinylsulfonic acid, 3-(meth)acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid and 2-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran.
It is also possible to use mixtures of two or more of the abovementioned homopolymers or copolymers in the method of the invention.
The homopolymers or copolymers used in the method of the invention have an average molecular weight of from 1000 to 1 000 000, preferably from 1000 to 500 000 and, in particular, from 5000 to 200 000.
The preparation of the homopolymers or copolymers used in accordance with the invention as ozone stabilizers, comprising structural repeating units of the abovementioned formula (1), takes place in a conventional manner by, for example, ionically or, preferably, free-radically initiated polymerization of the monomers of the formula (2)
where
R
1
has the general and preferred definitions indicated above in, for example, solution, suspension or emulsion, in the presence or absence of the unsaturated compounds exemplified above as copolymerizable monomers. This polymerization preferably takes place in solution with a peroxide, persulfate or azo compound, for example with sodium persulfate or azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride, as free-radical chain initiator, the latter being present, for example, in an amount of from 0.005 to 10% by weight based on the monomers employed.
Irrespective of the liquor ratio, the homopolymers or copolymers used in the method of the invention are employed, for example, in an amount of from 0.05 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 6% by weight and, with particular preference, from 0.5 to 4% by weight, based on the weight of the polyamide fibre material.
Treatment of the polyamide fibre material of the homopolymers or copolymers used in accordance with the invention can be carried out before, during or after dyeing, preferably during or after dyeing.
Where the treatment of the polyamide fibre material with the homopolymers or copolymers used in accordance with the invention takes place during the dyeing operation the method of the invention is advantageously performed by adding the polymers to the dye
Adam Jean-Marie
Ouziel Philippe
Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation
Einsmann Margaret
Mansfield Kevin T.
LandOfFree
Method of treating natural or synthetic polyamide fiber... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Method of treating natural or synthetic polyamide fiber..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Method of treating natural or synthetic polyamide fiber... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2467208