Motors: expansible chamber type – Three or more cylinders arranged in parallel radial or... – Radially disposed cylinders
Reexamination Certificate
1999-06-07
2001-04-10
Walberg, Teresa (Department: 3742)
Motors: expansible chamber type
Three or more cylinders arranged in parallel radial or...
Radially disposed cylinders
C092S058000, C092S072000, C417S462000, C091S498000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06212994
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to a new and improved positive displacement rotary machine, and more particularly to such a machine which operates at uniform angular velocity, is inherently statically and dynamically balanced and is adaptable as, e.g., a pump, fluid motor, engine, compressor, expandor, vacuum pump.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Conventional positive displacement rotary machines such as piston, gear, and vane type suffer from high impact forces due to engagement of the parts and unbalanced vane and piston inertia forces. This results in excessive noise and wear. Gear and vane devices also have inherently high leakage flow because of the line contact sealing. Although radial and axial piston types have surface contact sealing, much lower leakage flow, and no impact forces, their unbalanced inertia forces tend to make them noisy and produce vibrations particularly at high speeds. In addition, piston machines have higher weight to power ratio than rotary gear and vane devices.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a new improved positive displacement rotary machine.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine which is operable in a variety of applications, e.g., fluid motor, fluid pump, compressor, expandor, vacuum pump, and engine.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine in which all moving parts including pistons rotate at uniform angular velocity.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine which is inherently statically and dynamically balanced.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine which is capable of efficient high speed and high pressure fluid power operation.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine in which pistons rotate uniformly without impact, with continuous sinusoidal sliding surface contact, complete mechanical balance and with very quiet operation.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine in which rotary pistons are coupled with only two uniformly rotating mechanical elements resulting in simple linear design, and low cost piston machine that can be manufactured with common and conventional techniques.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine which is very compact with high displacement per unit volume.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine which permits of large intake/exhaust ports with low shear and unobstructed flow.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine which has high volumetric efficiency at minimum clearance, very low leakage flow, and low friction hydrodynamic fluid bearing surface piston sealing.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a machine which has improved energy efficiency.
The invention results from the realization that a new and improved positive displacement rotary machine which provides uniform angular velocity and inherent static and dynamic balance with good volumetric efficiency and low weight to power ratio can be effected using a piston rotor rotatable about a first axis and having a number of rotatable pistons engaged with a guide track on a chamber rotor rotatable about a second axis to travel through a central common chamber between pairs of aligned diametrically opposed radial fluid chambers so that the pistons are kinematically constrained to move with sinusoidal motion between their associated radial chambers smoothly, quietly and without impact while the rotors and pistons move with pure rotary motion.
This invention features a positive displacement rotary machine. There is a piston rotor uniformly rotatable about a first axis and including a number of pistons equally spaced about the first axis and uniformly rotatably mounted about their axes on the piston rotor. There is a chamber rotor uniformly rotatable about a second axis spaced from the first axis, for relative rotation in 2/1 respectively between the piston and chamber rotor, including a central common chamber and a number of radial fluid chambers arranged in diametrically opposed pairs across the common chamber, and a guide track extending between opposing pairs of radial chambers across the common chamber for kinematically constraining each of the pistons as they move from one of their associated radial chambers to the other through the common chamber. There are intake and exhaust ports for introducing and exhausting fluid from the radial chambers.
In a preferred embodiment each of the pistons and its associated radial chambers may have the same cross-sectional shape. The guide tracks may be continuous through the common chamber. The guide tracks may form a part of their associated pairs of radial chambers. The pistons may have their positions which engage their associated guide tracks conforming in shape to the shape of the guide tracks. The pistons in the radial chambers may be all in the same plane. The guide tracks may be generally triangular in cross-section shape. The triangular guide tracks may have an apex of approximately 90° or less. For maximum displacement, the ratio of the radius of the radial chambers to that of the common chamber may be twice the cosine of &phgr; where &phgr;=90°/N where N is the number of pistons. The length of the piston and the width of the piston may be determined for maximum displacement for a given number of pistons N and the diameter of chamber rotor, 2·Rm.
The intake and exhaust ports may each extend along the chamber rotor over the period when each piston moves between top dead center and bottom dead center in each of its associated pair of radial chambers. One of the rotors may be connected to a source of rotary power. The intake port may be connected to a source of fluid and the fluid may be provided pressurized at the exhaust port and the rotary machine may be operated as a fluid pump. The intake port may be connected to a source of pressurized fluid and one of the rotors may be connected to a drive device for providing output rotary power and the rotary machine may be operated as a fluid motor. The exhaust port may be connected to a container to be evacuated and may extend along the chamber rotor over the period when each piston approaches bottom dead center. One of the rotors may be connected to a drive device for providing rotary power and the rotary machine may be operated as a vacuum pump. The exhaust port may be connected to a compressor tank and the intake port may extend along the chamber rotor over the period when each piston approaches top dead center. One of the rotors may be connected to a drive device for providing rotary power and the rotary machine may be operated as a compressor or expandor. The intake and exhaustor ports may extend along the chamber rotor over the period when each piston moves from bottom dead center of its exhaust stroke in one of its associated radial chambers to bottom dead center of the intake stroke in the other of its associated radial chambers. A valve may be provided in the port area for varying the displacement. One of the rotors may be connected to a drive device for providing rotary output power and the rotary machine may be operated as a two-stroke scavenged intake and exhaust engine.
The chamber rotor may be connected to a source of rotary power or it may be connected to a drive device. Each of the pistons may include at least one circumferential seal for sealing between the piston and radial chamber. The radial chambers may extend through the chamber rotor to its outer periphery. A thrust washer or pressurized fluid may seal the piston and chamber rotor faces. The housing may have a peripheral wall for closing the outer periphery of the chamber rotor. Each of the radial chambers may include an annular seal for sealing between each radial chamber and the housing. The intake and exhaust ports may be in the peripheral wall and/or a side wall. The radial chambers may be open on opposite sides and the housing may have side walls for closing the open opposite sides. Each
Pwu Jeffrey
Walberg Teresa
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