Television – Bandwidth reduction system – Data rate reduction
Patent
1995-02-08
1999-08-31
Chin, Tommy P.
Television
Bandwidth reduction system
Data rate reduction
348415, 348413, 348384, 348420, 348700, H04N 736
Patent
active
059460407
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a moving picture coding method for coding a moving picture, a moving picture decoding method for decoding a coded moving picture, and apparatuses therefor.
BACKGROUND ART
In the case of digitizing a signal of a moving picture to record and transmit digital data thus obtained, its data quantity becomes extremely large. For this reason, coding (compression) is implemented to that data. As a representative coding system, there is so called MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Group) system. This MPEG is general name of the moving picture coding system which has progressed in WG (Working Group) 11 of SC (Sub Committee) 29 of JTC (Joint Technical Committee) 1 of ISO (International Standardization Organization) and IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission).
Moreover, as a widely known format in the case of handling a picture signal by a digital signal, there is Recommendation 601 (Rec. 601) of so called CCIR (Comite Consultatif Internationale des Radio-communications (International Radio Consultative Committee)). This Rec. 601 is the worldwide standardized format of digital picture based on the component (so called 4:2:2 component) coding system.
In the MPEG, the above-mentioend Rec. 601 format is used as input/output picture format. In the NTSC zone of the scanning line 525 lines/30 Hz, an input/output picture format as shown in FIG. 11, for example, has been most popularly used. For example, in MPEG2 (MPEG phase-2), picture of picture frame of frame of 720 pixels.times.480 lines of Rec. 601 format is handled. On the other hand, in MPEG1 (MPEG phase-1), picture of picture frame of frame (SIF) of 360 pixels.times.240 lines obtained by thinning pixels so that resolutions in the longitudinal and lateral directions are respectively equal to one half thereof is handled.
A technique to allow the transmission format of picture to have a relationship such that the ratio between length and breadth of picture frame is expressed as 1:2 in dependency upon difference of resolution is convenient in a hierarchical manner. This is related to the following two reasons.
First reason is that hardware configuration of thinning filter and/or interpolating filter having ratio of 1:2 are simpler than those of filters having other ratios.
Second reason is that, in the case of constituting picture coding/decoding apparatuses, it is possible to process picture data by four image LSIs disposed in parallel for picture having resolution which is one half of picture to be processed.
An example of filter coefficients of the thinning filter is shown in FIG. 12.
Moreover, since there is employed a scheme to handle picture in a manner divided into small blocks called macro blocks of 16 pixels.times.16 lines, it is preferable that the horizontal and vertical sizes of picture are multiple of 16 when coding efficiency is taken into consideration. From a viewpoint of this, picture frame size of 720 (=16.times.45) pixels.times.480 (16.times.30) lines is preferable size. For reasons described above, in the NTSC zone, picture of picture frame of frame of 720 pixels.times.480 lines of Rec. 601 format has been widely handled.
On the other hand, CCIR recommended broadcasting stations (television stations) that picture signals of 483 lines or more (about 483-486 lines) must be transmitted in the standard television broadcasting in the NTSC zone. At this time, if picture coding is carried out by MPEG as in the prior art, it is required to increase the number of macro blocks by one column in a longitudinal direction to carry out processing of 720 pixels.times.496 (480+16) lines. This results in requirement of increase in the coding processing ability of about 3.5% as compared to the case where frame of 720 pixels.times.480 lines is handled.
This is inconvenient for a system only having a decoding apparatus which can merely handle so far as picture of picture frame of frame of 720 pixels.times.480 lines. For example, when the recording system of the digital video disc and the broadcasting system of the digital telev
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Ohtsuka et al. "Development of 135 Mbit/s HDTV coded", Signal Processing Image Communication, vol. 4, No. 4/5, Aug. 1992, pp. 379-387 (Amsterdam NL).
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Kato Motoki
Yagasaki Yoichi
Yonemitsu Jun
Chin Tommy P.
Frommer William S.
Rao Anand S.
Sony Corporation
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