Compositions – Compositions containing a single chemical reactant or plural... – Organic reactant
Patent
1987-10-16
1989-04-18
Clingman, A. Lionel
Compositions
Compositions containing a single chemical reactant or plural...
Organic reactant
252 95, 252 99, 252100, 252135, 252142, 25218721, 25218724, 252539, 424130, 424149, C11D 348
Patent
active
048225126
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to biocidal and specifically virucidal compositions.
Preamble
Hypochlorites in the form of liquid sodium hypochlorite (domestic bleach), or calcium hypochlorite (bleaching powder) and materials such as trichlorocyanuric acid and Chloramine T have been in use for many years as bleaching and sanitising agents for domestic, industrial and to a lesser extent farm use.
These products are marketed as powders and liquids--principally liquids--and have a pH in use ranging from 7 to 11. They all suffer from drawbacks. Liquid products are corrosive, unstable and readily inactivated by organic matter, thus limiting their usefulness and reliability, particularly under farm conditions where large quantitites of organic matter are encountered. Powder products are more stable but are much less reactive. Choramine T for example requires extremely high concentrations to produce an acceptable biocidal effect, and in addition its activity is seriously affected by organic matter.
Because the products are offered in alkaline or neutral formulations their virucidal activity is severely restricted and today in human health and in animal health situations it is recognised that the primary objective of any disinfectant should be to inactivate virus particles, which by and large, are the primary challenge to humans and livestock, resulting ultimately in secondary bacterial infections.
For this purpose the ideal formulations require to be acidic in nature and at an in-use dilution should most preferably give a solution with a pH around 2 to 3. However in simple hypochlorite solutions a pH of 2.3 will liberate chlorine gas from the hypochlorite source and therefore it has not been possible to date to obtain these enhanced virucidal properties.
There is extensive prior art dealing with formulations which set out to achieve stable acidic systems, specifically Du Pont's UK Pat. No. 932 750. Formulations made in accordance with those claimed in the Du Pont patent are however found to be highly unstable in the powder state and to liberate chlorine gas within a short period of manufacture. This is due principally to the use of high concentrations of sulphamic acid and mineral acid salts added to achieve the desired level of acidity. The use of mineral acid boosters to the sulphamic acid, which is there as a chlorine acceptor and stabiliser, besides introducing instability into the formulation also causes the formulation to be highly corrosive. Another disclosure is UK Pat. No. 2 078 522 which seeks to overcome the deficiencies found in the Du Pont patent by using the minimum level of sulphamic acid as a chlorine acceptor and achieving the desired level of acidity at in use dilution by using as a non-reducing acid an organic acid such as malic acid or succinic acid or, alternatively, an acid phosphate salt in combination with the sulphamic acid. This produces a relatively stable powder system which does not liberate chlorine gas when stored for prolonged periods at 37.degree. C., nor does it liberate chlorine as detected by odour and visual examination when the product is dissolved in water at approval dilutions. Chlorine is however liberated if the product is stored in damp conditions or instructions are not followed, and concentrated solutions are made up.
Object of the Invention
The aim of the invention is to improve on known biocidal compositions acting through chlorine/hypochlorite generation, providing a composition with specifically, resistance to chlorine generation not only in the approved dilutions but in conditions in which only a small amount of water is present. Such conditions easily occur in farm use where water may be split on the composition or instructions for making the composition up may not be followed, so that concentrated solutions are generated.
Summary of the Invention
The invention provides a dry, water-soluble biocidal composition comprising:
(a) 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a water-soluble inorganic halide,
(b) 25 to 60 parts by weight of an oxidising agent w
REFERENCES:
patent: 4104190 (1978-08-01), Hartshorn
patent: 4317814 (1982-03-01), Laso
patent: 4654374 (1987-03-01), Martin
Clingman A. Lionel
Le Hoa Van
Mosely Neal J.
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