Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Chemical reactor – Reaction chamber includes at least one perforated – porous,...
Patent
1997-03-10
2000-01-25
McMahon, Timothy
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Chemical reactor
Reaction chamber includes at least one perforated, porous,...
422209, 422232, B01J 702
Patent
active
060174994
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The instant invention relates to an apparatus for contacting in a reactor solids in the form of free-flowing lumps with liquids or gases by bringing the reactants into contact with each other, said reactor comprising a housing containing a screen in the area of which contacting takes place.
DE 32 44 972 C1 discloses a process and an apparatus for the continuous production of aluminium alcoholates, comprising a reactor with a housing provided with a basketlike perforated plate bearing a packing of comminuted aluminium particles, e.g. in the form of needles. The screen basket forms the reaction zone located above a vat. It is necessary to keep the aluminium particles in the reaction zone suspended in order to achieve sufficiently high conversion rates. This is achieved by continuously pumping a very large quantity of liquid (alcoholate) through lines into the vat and further through the screen plate of the basket positioned above said vat into the reaction zone. A large quantity of the liquid pumped into the vat drains through the perforated bottom of the vat into the pump receiver. Liquid that has reached the reaction zone drains through the lateral walls of the basket. Vigorous recirculation of the liquid in combination with draining through the perforated vat and flowing back into the pump receiver constitutes a significant waste of energy. In order to maintain the amount of fluidising liquid charged from below through the screen plate in an economically desirable order, it is required that the metal particles to be dissolved be very small. Normally, metal particles in needle form are used which, for example, have lengths of 5 to 12 mm and diameters of 0.5 to 0.8 mm. Otherwise, the metal particles will sediment very rapidly and will clot on the bottom of the basket-like screen whereby most or all of said screen would be plugged and the reactor would have to be shut down.
Another disadvantage of the known reactor is the very expensive manufacture of the small, needle-like metal particles. Furthermore, due to the necessity of recirculating enormous quantities of liquid and of dividing up said feed quantity into one portion to be charged to the upper section and the other portion to be fed to the lower section, requiring considerable energy and capital expenditure, operation of the known reactor is disadvantageous. In case of malfunction of the known reactor, e. g. soiling of the screen, complete and rapid separation of the reactants from each other is impossible. Therefore, control of the exothermic reaction of aluminium with alcohol cannot be guaranteed.
DE 40 26 938 A1 describes a revolving column reactor comprising a perforated screen drum. Said reactor is used for obtaining substances by adsorption. Said patent specification does not describe a reaction aiming to dissolve solids, particularly aluminium lumps, by means of alcohol and the special problems presented thereby.
It is the object of the instant invention to provide an apparatus for dissolving solids as described hereinabove which allows more economic and safer operation.
According to the instant invention, there is provided an apparatus wherein holding a gaseous or liquid medium reacting with the solids, and the medium in the bottom vat can be separated from each other whenever it is desired to alter or interrupt the reaction.
In addition to the dissolution of solids, chemical reactions or physical operations, e. g. catalytic treatment, inoculation, dyeing, disinfection, adsorption, heat treatment, low-temperature treatment and/or mixing may be performed in said apparatus.
When using a rotary screen drum, there is no need to recirculate large quantities of reaction liquid. Said screen drum recirculates the solids whereby complete contacting with the gaseous or liquid medium in the reactor or in the vat is ensured. It is no longer necessary to keep the solids suspended by whirling up. Now, significantly larger solids may be used, e. g. in the form of pellets, cubes, rectangular lumps or even larger pieces such as cut-offs of commercially availab
REFERENCES:
patent: 2390388 (1945-12-01), Rector
patent: 3869389 (1975-03-01), Rokitansky
patent: 5139953 (1992-08-01), Honda et al.
patent: 5224994 (1993-07-01), Daly
McMahon Timothy
RWE-DEA Aktiengesellschaft fur Minepaloel und Chemie
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