Receptacles – Freight containers – Including inner bag liner
Patent
1997-03-03
1999-07-13
Pollard, Steven
Receptacles
Freight containers
Including inner bag liner
114 74R, B63B 2500
Patent
active
059214210
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE ART
The invention relates to a novel bladder-type multipurpose vessel.
BACKGROUND OF THE ART
Currently, when collisions, rock-strikings and the like accidents happen to oil tankers, in case that the hull cracks, plenty of crude oil will flow out of the vessel causing the environment to be polluted. To reduce the occurrence of such accidents and relieve the damage due the same, the technical measures which can presently be adopted are: crude oil is stored in separate holds in an oil tanker; double-wall shells are sued for an oil tanker and the sheet thickness of the hull is increased.
During transportation, the impurities contained in crude oil itself will partly deposit in the oil holds, so they have to be scavenged at regular intervals that corresponding hold-scavenging equipment will be needed and certain sewage will be produced after scavenging.
It is required for the oil tanker in no-load state to have a certain amount of ballasting water, a specially provided ballasting water hold does not cause any pollution, but needs to occupy a part of effective loading space; if an oil hold is used to contain the ballasting water, the water will be polluted thus requiring a corresponding treatment apparatus to be provided.
An oil tanker can often make its single-way transportation because of its unitary function of oil transportation.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a novel multi-function vessel, which can effectively reduce the occurrence rate of oil leakage accidents and can also make the special hold-scavenging facilities and the ballasting water hold unnecessary, and which is without production of operational sewage and with the function of oil-, water- and cargo-transportation to make the vessel capable of achieving two-way transportation.
The object of the present invention is achieved in such a way: the structure of the cargo hold of such a vessel is comprised of an outer shell, a compartment (sealed), an inner shell and a bladder. On the inner shell there is provided a connecting valve, which is at ordinary times in an open state for communicating both sides of the shell, and which will be closed when the bladder cracks. The structure is a combination of a rigid structure and a flexible one. Under oil-transportation condition, the oil in the hold lies in a state of quad protection by the outer shell, the inner shell, a water cushion and a spray layer. Once an accident of collision occurs, the energy of collision is substantially applied to the two tiers of rigid structures, the outer and inner shells, while the bladder is exerted by a very small force, even large deformation takes place, it cannot crack. The water cushion and the spray layer (above the surface of water cushion and below the spray pipe) between the bladder and the outer shell can effectively prevent fire-making due to the collision. The external pressure provided by the water cushion to the bladder can also balance out most of the internal pressure provided by the crude oil to the bladder. Under water-transportation condition, the water can be injected directly to the cargo hold of rigid structure. By drawing out the water from the cargo hold and drawing in the bladder through a lifting cable to put it at the upper part of the cargo hold, the vessel can be used to transport various kinds of solid goods.
By adopting the above-described scheme, the vessel is caused to greatly increase the safety in relation to current oil tankers; and there being no production of operational sewage, the vessel is caused to significantly simplify the self-contained facilities; and while the strength of the hull structure is ensured, the sheet thickness of the hull can be reduced to a certain extent, thus reducing the cost of shipbuilding; and because of the particular cargo hold structure of the vessel, it is caused to have the direct functions of oil-, water- and cargo-transportation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will be further described in the following in combination
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