Cutters – for shaping – Including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
Patent
1994-06-27
1996-06-25
Howell, Daniel W.
Cutters, for shaping
Including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
407117, B23B 2706, B23B 2704
Patent
active
055294405
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an exchangeable cutting insert and also to an insert holder, for slotting and parting-off a workpiece, for instance for parting-off a workpiece with the aid of automatically controlled workpiece processing machine.
TECHNICAL FIELD
A workpiece can be slotted and parted-off in various ways, for instance either plastically or mechanically with the aid of cutting inserts. Parting-off is achieved by cutting material from a rotating workpiece with the aid of a cutting insert, such as an appropriate indexable insert clamped in a holder intended therefor. Products can be produced quickly d efficiently in modern day NC and CNC lathes/machining appliances fitted with cutting inserts and insert, holders. Parting-off of a workpiece is effected in a manner corresponding to a normal lathe turning operation, in which the cutting bit, or lathe tool, is fed inwards after each revolution of the work-piece through a distance which is equal to the thickness of the chip or swarf removed. The cutting tip of an indexable insert is normally ground to the width that is corresponded, for instance, between two flanks.
Exchangeable bits or cutting inserts for slotting and parting-off workpieces have been available commercially since the beginning of the 1960's. There have been used mostly three-edged inserts which have been secured in an upstanding position in an insert-attachment provided in a holder therefor. In conjunction with the development of machining apparatus and appliances, it has been necessary to incorporate greater safety measures against the breakage or fracture of cutting inserts in the performance of their work, particularly in the case of unmanned, continuously working machines. Because of the high investment costs involved with large machines of this kind, necessary at present time, the economics of such cutting inserts, or bits, have become increasingly important to the companies concerned.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
With the intention of improving cutting insert economy in conjunction with simplified manufacture, the inventive exchangeable insert has been configured generally symmetrical in the form of a four-cornered plate with four cutting edges in each corner and with plane-parallel abutment surfaces on each edge-side. These abutment surfaces are disposed between the cutting edges perpendicularly to one another, which results in a high degree of accuracy with respect to position and direction when attaching the cutting insert to the holder. The shape of the cutting insert allows it to be reversed and indexed, and allows narrow tolerances to be used. Manufacture of the cutting insert can be simplified considerably, by gathering several insert blanks together to form a pack and first grinding the blanks, all at once, to their correct intended external shape and then fitting each insert-blank in a fixture in a diamond configuration, in which the edges of each insert-blank can ground to its intended form. Because the cutting insert is placed on one edge, the insert will have a high mechanical strength. The cutting forces will act on the corners of the cutting insert within a large angular range and will be taken-up essentially by the whole of the insert, thereby greatly reducing the risk of the insert fracturing. One and the same cutting insert can be used both for right-hand and left-hand use.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1A, B, and C respectively illustrate an inventive cutting insert from above, from one side and at right angles to a diagonal.
FIGS. 2A, B show the insert fitted to an insert holder.
FIG. 3A shows the insert fitted to a grinding fixture.
FIG. 3B is a side view of a ground profile for an insert fitted to a fixture.
FIG. 4 shows one end of an insert bundle and a ground profile.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 1 illustrates a possible configuration of an exchangeable cutting insert 1 made of HSS or cemented carbide for slotting or parting-off a workpiece, in accordance with the invention. The insert 1 is of the indexable kind and is es
REFERENCES:
patent: 4074949 (1978-02-01), Hochmuth et al.
patent: 4632607 (1986-12-01), Pantzaz
patent: 4669925 (1987-06-01), Lowe et al.
patent: 4963061 (1990-10-01), Katbi et al.
Hansen Kenneth J.
Howell Daniel W.
Nya Scandinavian Tool Systems AB
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