Furnaces – Refuse incinerator – For liquid refuse
Patent
1991-05-20
1993-02-16
Yuen, Henry C.
Furnaces
Refuse incinerator
For liquid refuse
110262, 110265, F23G 506, F23G 704
Patent
active
051861119
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a device making it possible to introduce sludge, by injection, into the combustion chamber of an incinerator.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known that the combustion of sludge originating from sewage-purification stations can be effected in a furnace for incinerating household refuse. However, this combustion gives rise to problems which are difficult to overcome, in particular due to the high moisture content of the sludge and to the need for ensuring a regular and homogeneous introduction of the sludge into the incineration furnace.
There currently exist various methods and devices which are used for introducing sludge into furnaces for incinerating household refuse, among which there may be mentioned, in particular:
the introduction of sludge to the feed chute receiving the refuse with the aid of a feed system, for example of the Archimedes screw type. Such a solution gives rise to heterogeneities in the concentration of the sludge in the region of the feed screw, which is translated into poor combustion;
the prior conditioning of the sludge to form granules with a low moisture content which are introduced into the combustion chamber of the incineration furnace at the same time as the household refuse, in the feed hopper of the latter. This known technique requires a heat-drying operation which is costly in terms of energy and investment, not to mention handling, treatment and transport of the sludge, which, of course, increases the cost price and can be the cause of pollution for the operating staff;
the spraying of the sludge onto the combustion grid of the incinerator with the aid of a feed system which breaks up this sludge which is to be spread over the combustion grid. The difficult problem to overcome here is that of calibrating the sludge and spreading it over the surface of the combustion grid.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention proposes to provide a solution which departs from the solutions used previously in order to ensure the introduction of the sludge into the combustion chamber of an incinerator, permitting a homogeneous feeding of the sludge by injection into the combustion chamber at a constant rate and in a form ensuring a rapid and pollution-free combustion.
Consequently, the subject of the present invention is a device making it possible to effect the injection of sludge originating, in particular, from sewage-purification stations, into the combustion chamber of an incinerator, in particular of a household-refuse incinerator, characterised in that it comprises at least one injector of small diameter, traversing the thermal-protection means of the combustion chamber and fed, at a constant rate for all of the injectors, via a distribution chamber, each injector consisting of a tube having a cylindrical shape and comprising a conical nozzle, on the combustion chamber side, with the large diameter of the nozzle situated on the side of the outlet of the sludge from the injector, and in that each injector is thermally regulated in order to obtain a linear temperature gradient along the whole length of the injector, causing the formation in the injector, as the injection progresses, of a cylindrical element of sludge having a predetermined diameter and a surface crust in the zone close to the combustion chamber.
According to a feature of the present invention, the diameter of each of the injectors lies between 10 and 40 mm.
According to the invention, each of the injectors is equipped with a cooling system designed so as to circulates a cooling fluid, in particular water, in an enclosure defined between the injection tube and a sleeve surrounding the tube on the injectorfoot side, the injection of the cooling fluid, such as water, into the said enclosure taking place through a feed line opening out into this enclosure beneath the injection tube, on the injector-foot side, this cooling fluid vaporising in the enclosure.
According to another feature of the device which is the subject of the present invention, the distribution chamber has
REFERENCES:
patent: 3822654 (1974-07-01), Ghelfi
patent: 4094625 (1978-06-01), Wang et al.
patent: 4206711 (1980-06-01), Konrad
patent: 4462318 (1984-07-01), Carbeau et al.
patent: 4785746 (1988-11-01), Roy et al.
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