Peroxycarboxylic acids and compositions containing such

Details Peroxycarboxylic acids and compositions containing such Peroxycarboxylic acids and compositions containing such

1991-08-23

1993-11-30

Brust, Joseph Paul

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Designated organic active ingredient containing

Having -c-, wherein x is chalcogen, bonded directly to...

252102, 8111, 422 28, 548473, 548480, C07D20948

Patent

active

052665879

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to peroxycarboxylic acids and more particularly to peroxycarboxylic acids which contain within their structure an imido linkage, to the preparation of such percarboxylic acids and to their use in bleaching compositions and in washing compositions.
Organic peroxycarboxylic acids, sometimes alternatively called percarboxylic acids or organic peracids, as a class, are potentially very useful oxidising agents as a result of their high redox potential which enables them to bleach very effectively a wide range of stains that mark domestic laundry or non-absorbent surfaces in the home and to be very useful disinfectants or sanitizers on account of their biocidal activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic micro-organisms. Self-evidently, some percarboxylic acids are more effective than others in such activities, but the relative efficacy of the percompounds is only one key factor in determining the potential usefulness of such percompounds because they vary also in a second key area, which is the physical characteristics of the percompounds and specifically their sensitivity to impact, pressure or thermal shock and their propensity to decompose during storage, either by themselves or in contact with other components of washing or bleaching compositions. Variation in respect of both factors occurs as a direct result of what else is present in the percarboxylic acid molecule and the structural relationship of for example the various substituents to the percarboxylic acid group and to each other.
It is easy for the skilled person in this field to set out a number of desiderata; i.e. criteria that a peroxyacid ought to satisfy, in order to be considered an effective and acceptable bleaching component. If the peroxyacid is being produced in situ, then the criterion of overwhelming importance is its performance, i.e. to what extent does it wash and bleach, but if it is being employed as a preformed compound, then a number of other criteria assume similar importance to its performance, including in particular whether it enjoys sufficient resistance to impact, friction, pressure and thermal shocks to enable the material to be formulated, and handled and transported, both before and after formulation, and also enjoys an acceptably long shelf-storage life, i.e. successful, safe and stable.
The impression may have been fostered that all peroxyacids are similar, as a result of the inclusion of general formulae for peracids in many patent specifications, e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 4,259,201 of HO--O--(CO)--R--Y which appear to equate aliphatic and aromatic peroxyacids and a wide range of substituents. To a limited extent such an impression is justifiable, in that they do share, in general, a capability of bleaching domestic stains at lower molar amounts and at lower temperatures than hydrogen peroxide from which they are usually derived, and they can suffer from a tendency to decompose, either induced by shocks or during storage or interaction with other chemicals or material surfaces. However, the various sub-classes of peroxyacids show considerable variation in the extent to which they enjoy enhanced bleaching properties or suffer from the tendency to decompose by shock and/or in storage.
One of the sub-classes of peroxyacids tested in the course of the present investigations comprised aromatic compounds containing within their structure an imide link. A number of peroxyacids in that sub-class have been described by Ausimont Spa as bleaching agents in EP-A-0 325 289, published in August 1989, in which the imido nitrogen atom is substituted by an alkylene-peroxycarboxylic acid group. However, the peroxyacid that performed best in Ausimont's washing trials, phthalimido-peracetic acid, was found by the present investigators, amongst other things, to suffer from rather poor resistance to impact, even when desensitised by dilution with its own weight of an effective inert diluent, sodium sulphate, i.e. was relatively unsafe to handle. The bleach that performed next best in the Ausimont tests, phthalimid

REFERENCES:
patent: 3143562 (1964-08-01), Silbert et al.
patent: 3180886 (1965-04-01), Silbert et al.

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