Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
Patent
1996-01-19
1998-02-10
Schofer, Joseph L.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
526307, 526304, 526310, 526328, 526333, C08F 2400, C08F 2058, C08F 2060, C08F 2602, C08F 2018, C08F 1612
Patent
active
057170460
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to retention aids for papermaking, in particular which comprise cationic multiarmed star-like polymers (hereinafter, it is referred to as CMS-PAM) of the following formula(I) as an effective component to improve the retention of fines fraction by structural characteristics of multiarmed polymer chains connected with one starting point on the compound. ##STR5## Wherein,
A is C(CH.sub.2 --).sub.4, (--CH.sub.2).sub.3 CCH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.2 --).sub.3, .paren open-st.CH.sub.2).sub.3 CCH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.2 --).sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.2 .paren close-st..sub.3, ##STR6##
B is --O-- or --COO--;
D is --OH;
E is ##STR7## and wherein,
R.sup.1 .about.R.sup.11 is respectively hydrogen atom or alkyl group;
R.sub.a .about.R.sub.d is respectively hydrogen atom or alkyl group;
X is ##STR8##
or Cl.sup.- ;
x is an integer selected from 3 to 24;
y is an integer selected from 0 to 21;
n is an integer selected from 3 to 6;
p is an integer selected from 300 to 4000; and
q is an integer selected from 0 to 1000.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Generally, the paper is almost made by using natural wood pulp as the main material, but recently to reuse the resources, the wastepaper using the cycled fiber is produced in large quantities. In the papermaking process, the refining is required to improve paper intensity and uniformity during the papermaking, to increase the strength and to decrease the porosity. Then the fines fraction is plentifully produced during the fibrilation by refining. During the process for papermaking, the filler is almost added for the objective of surface evenness and brightness and improved printability. Polystyrenes are used as the organic filler, and talc, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, etc. are typically used as the inorganic filler. But the inorganic filler is used except a special use. Otherwise, sizing agents are added to provide the resistance against liquid penetration, and then rosin, wax emulsions or synthesic sizes are used as the sizing agent.
In the process of papermaking, fines fraction means one lower than 76 .mu.m(200 mesh) of the papermaking stock compositions, so the said fine fibers, fillers and sizing agents are fines fraction. These fines fractions are more than 50% of the common papermaking stock compositions.
However, said fines fraction may be easily removed out by dewatering, and as the result of disappearance of the used materials the cost is increased and the properties are decreased inevitably. Also, since the plenty of fines fractions in white water are accumulated, there are many problems that pitch can be occured and white water line cannot be. Therefore, to improve the properties of final paper products and simultaneously to solve the above problems in the papermaking process, it is necessary to increase the retention.
But since it is impossible to increase the retention only by mechanical or processing operation, it is effective to add chemicals such as retention aids. The retention aids are classified to inorganics, natural organics and water-soluble synthetic polymer electrolytes. Aluminium salt such as aluminium sulfate, "Alum", is typically used as the inorganic retention aids, and cationic starchs is generally used as the natural organic retention aids.
Recently, water-soluble synthetic polymer electrolytes are widely used, for example polyacrylamide (Cationic- or Anionic-PAM), polyethylene imine, polyamine, polyamideamine, polyethylene oxide and various polymer electroyles having pyrrolidinium group synthesized from diallyldimethylammonium chloride. And otherwise, the compounds and the Horn and H. Linhart., "Retention Aids" in paper chemistry, Ed. J. C. Roberts, Blackie & Son Ltd., Glasgow 1991, Chapter4!. These polymer electrolytes have been used since 1950's when they were introduced on papermaking process, but there is no satisfactory electrolyte to solve the various problems on the process.
Thus, although the development of new polymer electrolyte is needed, the reasons why it does not
REFERENCES:
R.I.S. Gill, "Developments in Retention Aid Technology", International Business Sector--Paper, dated Feb. 1987, pp. 34-40.
D. Horn et al.; "Retention Aids", Paper Chemistry, Ed. J. C. Robers, Blackie & Son Ltd., Glasgow 1991, Chapter 4.
Phillipe A. Ford, "Control the Wet End Balancing Act With Polymer/Pigment Microparticles"; TAPPI Proceedings, 1991 Papermakers Conference pp. 501-504.
Gallagher, "High Performance Alkaline Retnetion Programs", 1990 Neutral/Alkaline Papermaking, TAPPI Short Course Notes, pp. 141-144.
Kurt Moberg, "Microparticles in Wet End Chemistry", 1989 Retention and Drainage, TAPPI Short Course, pp. 65-86.
Han Sin Ho
Ow Say Kyoun
Shin Jong Ho
Cheng Wu C.
Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
Schofer Joseph L.
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