Solid material comminution or disintegration – Apparatus – Loose grinding body comminutor
Patent
1995-04-25
1997-12-30
Husar, John M.
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Apparatus
Loose grinding body comminutor
241179, B02C 1916
Patent
active
057020604
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention concerns a high energy ball mill and in particular an oscillating mill having high production capacity. It is possible to use such a mill for example in the preparation of nanophase materials.
Nanophase materials are characterized by crystal sizes in the range 5 to 20 nm. Such materials can be constituted by single metals, alloys, compounds or composites (for example alloy/metal-oxide, alloy/metal-carbide).
The preparation of such materials can be performed in high energy mills (high local impact energies are in fact required).
BACKGROUND ART
Conventional high energy mills include, for example: autogenous grinders, abrasion grinders, gas jet or liquid jet disintegrators, ball anular mills, vibratory ball mills, planetary ball mills and oscillating ball mills.
For a more complete description of these mills, reference may be made to "Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd edition, vol. 21, p 132 to 161".
DE-A-3,500,211 describes a ball mill wherein a system of springs compensate the gravity forces, CA-A-1,108,574 describes a ball mill with means for conducting oscillation from a mechanical oscillator, U.S. Pat. No. 3,433,421 describes a vibratory mill comprising a drum mounted on a shaft driven through an orbit described by oscillative movement along and about the major axis of said driven shaft.
In the present state of development of mills technology it is not possible to have at the same time: 1) high impact speeds of the grinding means; 2) high specific pressures in the impact zones; 3) high impact frequencies for each grinding means; and 4) high production capacity.
Existing milling systems are therefore scarcely or ill suited for the fast preparation of nanophase materials in large quantities.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to achieve a mill in which an advantageous combination of the above characteristics is achieved.
It is also an aim of the present invention to achieve a system for the production of nanophase materials powders in large quantities.
It is also a further object of the present invention to achieve the fast milling of solids.
An advantage of the present invention is to allow the production of large quantities of nanophase materials for the further consolidation processes.
According to the present invention there is provided an oscillating mill consisting of a grinding jar (containing, in the working condition, the grinding balls and the materials charge to be processed) driven in an alternate regime of motion. Such a grinding jar is elastically constrained in such a way that the inertial forces originated during the oscillations, and acting on the driving system, are compensated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following an illustrative and not limitative embodiment of the invention is given, with the help of FIGS. 1 and 2.
The FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the grinding jar with elastic compensation system;
the FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of FIG. 1 along the plane A--A and the pre-loading apparatus of the elastic system.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In FIGS. 1 and 2 the same part or parts performing the same functions bear the same numbers. In FIG. 1, 1 is the elastic system for the compensation of the inertial forces and consists of a spring of an elastomeric material. In FIG. 2, another (counteracting) spring is located on the other side of the grinding jar which is constituted by the following components: a top cap 2; a bottom cap 3; a lateral wall 4 with provision for seals 5 with the seals 11 with the lateral cooling mantle system 6.
The cooling mantle system 6 is constituted by an internal finning (on the side of the lateral jar wall 4) in which a cooling fluid is allowed to circulate with inlet in 7 and outlet in 8.
The seals 11 act for the cooling fluid whereas seals 5 have the purpose to allow the control of the internal jar atmosphere (vacuum, inert or reactive gases) performed by means of valve 13 passing through opening 21.
In the caps 2 and 3 are located jo
REFERENCES:
patent: 3272443 (1966-09-01), Reiners
patent: 3310245 (1967-03-01), Decker et al.
patent: 3433421 (1969-03-01), Moore
patent: 4085898 (1978-04-01), Jacubasch et al.
patent: 4164328 (1979-08-01), Kausel et al.
patent: 4625921 (1986-12-01), Blundell
patent: 5193754 (1993-03-01), Pujol
Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd Ed., vol. 21, pp. 132-216. (no date given).
Basset Diego
Matteazzi Paolo
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