Communications: electrical – Continuously variable indicating – With meter reading
Patent
1993-11-30
1996-09-24
Bowler, Alyssa H.
Communications: electrical
Continuously variable indicating
With meter reading
340572, G06K 19077, G01S 1375
Patent
active
055595073
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to electronic inductive identification systems. The invention specifically relates to a rectified balanced resonant signal transmission and tag power consumption measurement circuit coupled to a field generation coil which permits measuring field power consumption of a passive tag circuit, in inductively coupled identification systems.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Identification of free-roaming animals and movable objects is desirable to scientists, ranchers, and persons providing inventory control. The challenge is to provide a convenient means for attaching identification information to a movable object or animal. One simple method is to attach a visible tag to the object or animal with identification data written thereon. However, such tags are easily altered or destroyed, enabling an interloper to claim title to the tagged property.
Therefore, others have developed several ways to conceal tags, implant tags in animals, and provide encoded tag information which is machine-readable but unintelligible to the naked eye. For example, a label can be provided with a bar code, and a bar code reader can be used to read identifying information from the label. Unfortunately, bar code systems can store only a small amount of information, and the bar code can be altered or destroyed. Also, the bar code must be clearly visible for proper reading.
One way to avoid the problem of visibility is to use a sealed tag with identifying information electronically stored in a memory means such as an integrated circuit memory. With such a device, one must provide a means for reading the memory means, since the memory means is concealed from view. Radio transmission could be considered, but its bandwidth is very limited, reducing the speed of transmission and data-carrying capacity; suitable equipment would also require compliance with numerous federal broadcasting regulations. Miniaturization of radio transmitters for implantation in a living animal is also impractical.
Therefore, inductive closed-coupled identification systems have been developed, having a sealed tag and a reader using electromagnetic energy transmitted to the tag. Such inductive systems can include a passive implanted tag with a memory means coupled to an inductive coil which serves as an antenna and facilitates an inductive power supply. A separate tag reader which can include a battery power supply has a field coil for transmitting a high-power electromagnetic field to the tag. The field is received by the tag and converted through induction to a direct current power supply signal to run the tag circuitry. The tag can then retransmit identification data to the reader by reading the tag memory means, and the reader can display the data. These systems permit powering a passive identification tag transponder by an electromagnetically coupled energizer reader, and the transmission of an ID signal through a single coil in the tag. This type of system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,703,756, which discloses a battery powered implant which transmits a signal to an external receiver, and also in U.S. Pat. No. 3,689,885 (Kaplan et al.) and 3,869,624 (Kriofsky et al.). A similar approach is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,706,094 (Cole et al.) which describes an identification tag with a substrate of piezo-electric material with coded information stored therein. Energy transmitted by a reader to the tag is converted into acoustic energy, modulated, reconverted to electromagnetic energy, and retransmitted to the reader.
Unfortunately, all the systems of these prior art devices require means in the tag for retransmitting data. This approach requires use of two transmission-reception channels as well as transmission and reception circuitry in both the reader and the tag. Since it is desirable to miniaturize the tag, especially when the tag must be implanted in an animal, it is desirable to eliminate as many parts in the tag as possible. Conventional systems are also susceptible to interception of signals by
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Avid Marketing, Inc.
Bowler Alyssa H.
Rinehart Mark H.
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