Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
Patent
1992-08-20
1995-02-21
Dean, Ralph H.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
528 26, 524832, C08L 3302, C08L 8310
Patent
active
053916476
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to composite compositions having high transparency, rigidity, toughness and thermal resistance, and to a process for producing the same.
BACKGROUND ART
Acrylic resins are being used in glazing applications such as windowpanes because of their high transparency. However, acrylic resins inherently have low rigidity, hardness and thermal resistance, and are hence less than satisfactory.
In an attempt to overcome this disadvantage, many investigations have heretofore been made on the formation of composite materials consisting of acrylic resins and inorganic substances. For example, there have been proposed a number of methods in which a dispersion of a silica compound (formed by polycondensation of an alkoxysilane) or colloidal silica in an acrylic resin solution is used as a coating film for hardening the surfaces of plastic substrates (see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 11952/'78 and 11989/'78).
However, when such a composite material is coated on plastic substrates, a coating film having high hardness and high wear resistance is obtained, but no substantial improvement in rigidity can be expected. Moreover, good transparency is obtained at coating film thicknesses of the order of several tens of microns, but a marked reduction in transparency results at greater coating film thicknesses.
On the other hand, it is described in J. Mater. Res., Vol. 4, p. 1018 (1989) that a silica gel-polymethyl methacrylate composite material is obtained by impregnating porous silica gel having a controlled pore diameter with methyl methacrylate and then polymerizing the latter. However, this method has the disadvantage that it involves troublesome steps and is not suitable for industrial purposes and that it is difficult to subject the resulting composite material to postworking.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic polymer to which high rigidity and high thermal resistance have been imparted without impairing the high transparency, high toughness, low specific gravity and good workability inherently possessed by acrylic resins.
According to the present invention, there is provided a composite composition consisting essentially of one or more silane compounds of the general formula which may contain an ether linkage or ester linkage, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a and b are whole numbers of 0 to 3, and c is equal to (4-a-b) and represents a whole number of 1 to 4; and chiefly of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic esters and methacrylic esters;
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Since the composite compositions of the present invention form a semi-interpenetrating network structure in which the silica skeleton of a silica polycondensate (A) formed by hydrolysis and polycondensation of an alkoxysilane compound and a polymer (B) of a radical-polymerizable vinyl compound (B') are intermingled on a molecular level, they have the very striking feature that they exhibit very high rigidity, toughness and thermal resistance, as well as high transparency.
The radical-polymerizable vinyl compound (B') used in the present invention is composed chiefly of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic esters and methacrylic esters. Useful acrylic or methacrylic esters (hereinafter referred to briefly as (meth)acrylic esters) include, for example, alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate; and hydroxyl-containing alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate. In the radical-polymerizable vinyl compound (B'), at least one monomer selected from these (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylic esters should preferably be present in an amount of not less than 50% by weight and more prefe
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Hatakeyama Hiroki
Watanabe Hiroyuki
Yamamoto Naoki
Dean Ralph H.
Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd.
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