Agitating – Stirrer within stationary mixing chamber – Rotatable stirrer
Patent
1986-05-09
1988-12-20
Hornsby, Harvey C.
Agitating
Stirrer within stationary mixing chamber
Rotatable stirrer
366 87, 366149, 366325, B01F 716, B01F 1506
Patent
active
047922389
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a continuous dispersion apparatus utilizable for the manufacture of products in dispersed or emulsified state, for example, in the fields of cosmetics, foods, paints, fuels and car waxes. More particularly, the present invention relates to a continuous dispersion apparatus capable of dispersibly mixing hardly miscible aqueous and oily phases to produce an oil-in-water type or water-in-oil type state or of efficiently producing a dispersed state of a solid phase such as a powdery substance in an aqueous and/or oily phase.
DESCRIPTION OF THE BACKGROUND ART
A manufacturing apparatus for the production of cosmetics such as cream and emulsion, emulsified foods, paints and the like dispersions is known having (1) a vacuum emulsifier, (2) an open emulsifier and (3) a continuously stirring and kneading reaction heat exchanger (the so-called mixing reactor or scraped surface heat exchangers).
The emulsifier effectuates stirring and emulsification under vacuum in a confined state. The emulsification is carried out under vacuum so that the emulsifier is suitable for the manufacture of sterilized products and aerial bubble-free products.
The open emulsifier has been used for some time. In this open emulsifier, aerial bubbles tend to enter on emulsification and evaporation of water and the like occurs during stirring for emulsification at a high temperature. In general, evaporation of an amount of about 2-5% based on the amount charged occurs, although it varies according to the recipe and the amount for batch. Further, careful attention should be paid to the heating temperature, heating time, stirring speed and the like. A cream manufactured by the open emulsifier contains about 2-10% by weight of aerial bubbles as compared with a cream manufactured by a vacuum emulsifier. In case the resultant cream is charged into a bottle or the like container, therefore, the amount to be charged will be decreased by the amount corresponding to the aerial bubbles.
The following points are mentioned as problems existing commonly in the above described vacuum and open emulsifiers:
.circle.1 On account of a batchwise system, an emulsifying tank will inevitably become larger so that it takes much time to charge the tank with materials and to discharge the emulsion from the tank,thus making the system inefficient.
.circle.2 As the emulsifying tank is larger, little turbulence occurs and dead spaces also tend to be formed. Accordingly, cutting of particles with blades of a propeller hardly tends to be effected completely and evenly so that an entire emulsion will hardly be formed even after the lapse of a sufficient time.
.circle.3 As the emulsifying tank is larger, it is difficult to obtain the number of revolutions necessary for cutting particles (desirably at least 6,000 r.p.m.). However, only about 3,000 r.p.m. is obtained with a drive having power as high as 7 horse power or more for a tank with a capacity of 300 liters and a drive as high as 15 horse power or more for a tank with a capacity of 1,000 liters, thus making the operation uneconomical.
.circle.4 As the apparatus is large, a number of employees are required for the operations. Moreover, a lot of cost is required if the apparatus is additionally installed.
.circle.5 On account of a batchwise system, much time is necessary for the production of an emulsion and a warmth-maintaining device is required in some cases, thus making the operation uneconomical.
A substantial structure is required for the continuously stirring and kneading reaction heat exchanger as discussed above wherein starting materials dissolved in a starting materials-dissolving tank are emulsified in a preliminary emulsifying tank and the preliminarily emulsified starting materials are supplied in a constant amount by a metering pump to a mixing reactor. This arrangement is fundamentally a cylinder with a jacket and the interior of the cylinder (where emulsification by stirring is effected) provided with protuberant blades or scraping blades rotatable at a
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patent: 1587115 (1926-06-01), Govers
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patent: 3604690 (1971-09-01), Traelners
patent: 3695586 (1972-10-01), Griffin
patent: 3807703 (1974-04-01), Day
patent: 4400219 (1983-08-01), Vanderputten et al.
patent: 4624419 (1986-11-01), Heuesi et al.
Iwasaki Yasuo
Yoneyama Yoshihisa
Hornsby Harvey C.
Machuga Joseph S.
Pola Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
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