Harvesters – Motorized harvester – Having driven means for handling or treating crop
Patent
1982-08-04
1985-11-12
Mancene, Gene
Harvesters
Motorized harvester
Having driven means for handling or treating crop
239170, 239172, 239289, A01D 7518
Patent
active
045519684
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a method of killing weeds on fields, especially root weeds such as couch. Such weeds have a growth-height of only some centimeters and it grows spotwise on the fields. According to the prior art the killing of weeds is carried out by means of chemicals which, prior to use, are dissolved in a liquid, usually water, and then sprayed over the area to be treated.
Spraying of field weeds is usually effected by means of tractor-drawn tank trucks which are equipped with long tubes or ramps with spray nozzles. The ramps may be up to 20 m wide or more. As the wheels of the tank truck has a relatively small track gauge, about 2 m, the ramps will sway heavily up and down during driving on a rough field. In order not to touch the ground they must be placed in a relatively high position above the ground. This makes the spraying uneven and less efficient.
Another disadvantage is that all the spray nozzles in the ramp must be engaged at the same time for spraying even if the weeds to be killed comprise only a minor portion of the width covered and sprayed by the ramp. This is most uneconomical, especially because chemicals are expensive. From an environmental point of view it is also unsatisfactory to spread chemicals more than necessary.
Still another disadvantage appears when it is windy. Due to the high position of the spray nozzles the wind carries away spray liquid from the intended area which thus will not receive the amount intended for efficient killing. Liquid may also be carried along with the wind to areas which are to be protected against spraying, e.g. fruit and vegetable plantations adjoining the fields.
Spraying of weeds takes place in autumn when the crop, e.g. corn or pea plants, is harvested from the fields and when crop residues, such as e.g. straw, have been removed from the ground. The crop residues must be removed in order not to hinder the killer from attaining full efficiency. There is still another reason to carry out the killing in the autumn, viz. at that time the ground has a soil dampness that is favourable to killing operations.
As is apparent from the above description the killing of field weeds takes place after the harvest work is over and preferably after any crop residues left have been removed from the ground. Thus, harvest work and weed killing are carried out at two different times, which involves heavy costs and much work.
The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages described above and to provide a method of weed killing which is economically advantageous, saves time and can be carried out with great precision and efficiency. The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
The object of the invented method of killing weeds by chemicals is achieved by carrying out the killing in connection with the harvest work and by applying killers to the field weeds by an applicator means immediately after the crop has been harvested and lifted from the field but before any crop residues left, such as straw, are redeposited on the field.
It is advantageous to use concentrated or slightly diluted killer and to allow the applicator means to coat the above-ground portions of the weed with the killing liquid and to carry out the killing by an applicator means placed between the harvesting table of a harvester and its ejector, if any, for crop residues, said applicator means being disposed transversely of the driving direction and having at least the same width as the harvester.
Other advantages are achieved by dividing the applicator means into several sections along its length and to set one or more sections in operation selectively in order to kill only in those areas where weeds occur.
An advantageous and convenient embodiment is realized by arranging the applicator means so as to be engageable and disengageable by means of controls positioned at the driver's seat.
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter with reference to the drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a side view of a harvester, a combine harvester; and
REFERENCES:
patent: 1643846 (1927-09-01), Hale
patent: 2048063 (1936-07-01), Friedman
patent: 2740248 (1956-04-01), Pickens
patent: 3021642 (1962-02-01), Ewing
patent: 3257753 (1966-06-01), Zennie
patent: 3301487 (1967-01-01), Young
patent: 3645073 (1972-02-01), Gomes et al.
patent: 4208835 (1980-06-01), Roll et al.
patent: 4240244 (1980-12-01), Martin
patent: 4242855 (1981-01-01), Beaver
patent: 4252274 (1981-02-01), Kubcak
Contreras Wenceslao J.
Mancene Gene
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