Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Patent
1996-05-21
1998-06-30
Lieberman, Paul
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
510307, 510309, 510317, 510349, 510375, 510377, 510438, 510441, C11D 308, C11D 3395
Patent
active
057733996
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to granular detergent compositions which contain a percarbonate bleach and one or more oxidation-sensitive ingredients such as fluorescent whitening agents, enzymes, perfumes, chelants, and the like. The compositions are formulated not only to provide good detergency and bleaching performance, but also to diminish or eliminate the oxidation of such ingredients during storage of the compositions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The formulation of modem granular laundry detergents without the use of phosphate builders and under various constraints with respect to fabric safety and environmental effects is a substantial challenge. The formulator is faced with the need to provide detergent compositions which remove a wide variety of soils and stains from a wide variety of fabrics. Detergent compositions must function effectively over a wide range of wash temperatures. They must be storage-stable over a wide range of temperatures and humidities. Granular detergents should desirably be free-flowing and easily dispensed in automatic equipment. They must not suds too much nor too little. To be affordable, they must be formulated using economical, yet safe and effective, ingredients. Accordingly, there continues to be a substantial investment in the search for new and improved detergent compositions.
Inorganic bleaches such as percarbonate offer prospective advantages to the detergent formulator due to their inherent cleaning ability. Moreover, percarbonate bleaches offer prospective advantages over the commonly-used perborate bleach, inasmuch as they do not disadvantageously interact with important new surfactants such as the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides. In addition, there is now some indication that perborate bleach can sometimes undesirably complex with, and stabilize, "polyol" stains, such as the polyphenolic materials found in chocolate. Percarbonates do not suffer from this disadvantage. Moreover, if properly formulated, especially as disclosed herein, percarbonate can provide superior dispensing properties as compared with perborate.
Another type of ingredient which is often incorporated into granular laundry detergents comprises the fluorescent whitening agents, more commonly referred to as "brighteners" or "optical bleaches". Such agents do not, themselves, provide a true "bleaching" and stain removal function, as does percarbonate. Rather, such agents are designed to deposit onto fabrics, especially white fabrics, to subtly adjust the overall visual perception from an undesirable "yellowish" shade to a "bluish" shade, which the consumer perceives as an improvement in the whiteness and brightness of the laundered fabric.
Unfortunately, it has now been found that granular detergents which contain the desirable percarbonate bleach can undesirably cause yellowing of certain oxidation-sensitive optical brighteners. It has now further been discovered that this undesirable yellowing effect is especially problematic with the commercially important class of stilbene brighteners.
Yet another type of ingredient which is often used in granular laundry detergents comprises the various classes of detersive enzymes, including proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases and mixtures thereof. It has now been determined that such enzymes can be wholly or partly inactivated in percarbonate-containing detergent compositions. Likewise, it has now further been discovered that other oxidation-sensitive detergent ingredients such as perfumes, unsaturated organics such as oleic acid, oleate soaps and oleyl sulfate, fatty amine fabric softeners and surfactants, amino chelants, and the like, are all susceptible to oxidative degradation on storage in the presence of percarbonate bleach.
While not intending to be limited by theory, it may now be hypothesized that, even with so-called "stabilized" percarbonate, there is always some leakage of H.sub.2 O.sub.2 from the percarbonate into the balance of the product on storage. This peroxide leakage is exacerbated at the higher storage temperatu
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Baillely Gerard Marcel
Hartshorn Richard Timothy
Dusheck Caroline L.
Lieberman Paul
Patel Ken K.
Rasser Jacobus C.
The Procter & Gamble Comapny
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