Electricity: motive power systems – Plural diverse motor controls – Motor-reversing
Patent
1998-07-02
2000-06-20
Nappi, Robert E.
Electricity: motive power systems
Plural diverse motor controls
Motor-reversing
318254, 318246, H02P 100
Patent
active
060781521
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method of starting an electronically commutated direct current motor and a motor for carrying out such a method.
BACKGROUND
There are motors of this kind, which are optimized for operation in one rotational direction ("preferred direction") and therefore starting up in the opposite direction, referred to below as the "reverse direction", is either impossible or can only be achieved with difficulty, so that starting in the reverse direction is not reliably assured. These motors operate with an auxiliary torque which has a very unfavorable course when operating in the reverse direction. This auxiliary torque is usually formed as a reluctance auxiliary torque. However, a mechanically generated auxiliary torque would also be possible within the scope of the invention.
Endeavors have been made to give motors of this kind the capacity to start in both rotation directions by virtue of an auxiliary pole being provided between their main poles, see DE 32 35 774 C2, Muller/Papst Motoren, but motors of this kind are costly due to their special construction and for this reason, have not been able to gain acceptance in actual use.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a new method of operating an electronically commutated motor.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method of starting a two-pulse, electronically commutated direct current motor, which is designed for operation in a preferred direction, in one of the two rotation directions, referred to below as the "desired" rotation direction, comprising the following steps:
a) after being switched on, the rotor of the motor is set into forced oscillation around its rest position by means of a start routine - by means of supplying current alternately in one rotation direction and the opposite rotation direction; alternating current supply, first in the one rotation direction and then in the other;
b) during the start routine, the motor is monitored to see whether it starts up;
c) when it is determined that the motor has started up, the start routine is exited. position after starting, one succeeds in very reliably achieving the startup in both rotation directions, even with this type of motor.
In a particularly advantageous manner, at least when starting counter to the preferred direction, the forced oscillation comprises at least one current supply cycle with a current supply counter to the desired rotation direction and a current supply in the desired rotation direction. In the course of this, the rotor of the motor moves jerkily back and forth and builds up momentum, so to speak, for starting up in the desired rotation direction. It has turned out that, in this manner, a startup counter to the preferred direction can also be assured with considerable reliability.
In order to monitor the startup, the procedure is advantageously followed so that, during the current supply of the motor in the desired rotation direction achieved with the start routine, the number of signal changes in the output signal of a rotor position sensor associated with the motor is counted. It is particularly advantageous if the start routine is exited, when the number of signal changes has exceeded a predetermined minimum value. The motor can then be switched over to normal commutation in the operation in the desired rotation direction.
Another solution of the object posed results from a method of operating an electronically commutated direct current motor comprising the following steps:
a) during the rotation of the rotor, a first value (Z.sub.-- A) is determined for the time (T) that the rotor (11) of the motor (10) takes to rotate between a first and a second predetermined rotor position;
b) a predetermined second value (K1 or K2) is subtracted from this value and the result (Z.sub.-- A') is temporarily stored;
c) beginning at a predetermined rotor position following the first predetermined rotor position, a time is measured, which is proportional to this result (Z.sub.-- A');
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Dieterle Roland
Karwath Arno
Rappenecker Herman
Leykin Rita
Nappi Robert E.
Oliver Milton
Papst-Motoren GmbH & Co. KG
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