Surgery – Truss – Pad
Patent
1994-02-10
1995-09-19
Manuel, George
Surgery
Truss
Pad
73602, A61B 800
Patent
active
054508495
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
SPECIFICATION
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a location apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to a location apparatus depending upon a principal which is coincident to a principal of a pulse echo method, the location apparatus being represented by sonic location using an ultrasonic wave.
2. Background Art
From the past years, a so called pulse echo method is widely known, which method measures a location on a boundary face at which a density of the medium varies, based upon an intensity of pulse echoes, by periodically radiating an ultrasonic pulse from a wave radiating point 91 and by receiving pulse echoes at wave receiving points 93, the pulse echo being reflected by a reflector 92 and coming back, as is illustrated in FIG. 3.
In recent years, an ultrasonic tomograph, among other non-invasion measuring devices for medical use,has been extremely spread and has greatly contributed to improvement in accuracy of diagnosis. An operation principal of an ultrasonic diagnosing apparatus which is represented by an ultrasonic tomograph, is the same as a pulse echo method which is widely known as a principal of active sonar. Wherein, a mode for observing a time waveform of intensity of a reflected wave, is called an A-mode (refer to FIG. 4), a mode for observing a two dimensional image which is in a depth direction and in a scanning direction by scanning a probe one dimensionally and by determining a threshold value, is called a B-mode (refer to FIG. 5), and a mode for observing a two dimensional image, each point of the image being at an equal depth one another, by performing the scanning two dimensionally, is called a C-mode (refer to FIG. 6).
Therefore, diagnosis of the interior of a human body can be performed without injuring the human body, by employing the ultrasonic diagnosing apparatus and by selecting the A-mode, B-mode or C-mode corresponding to the species of the objected diagnosis.
By employing an ultrasonic flaw detecting apparatus based upon the similar principal as of the foregoing, various structures can be checked to determine whether or not cracks exist in the interior thereof and the like. The abovementioned ultrasonic diagnosing apparatus has a spacial discrimination of about 5 mm, which is too low in comparison with a spacial discrimination (about 1 mm) required for usage of early detection of cancer and the like, therefore a disadvantage arises in that the abovementioned ultrasonic diagnosing apparatus cannot be applied to usage of early detection of cancer and the like.
It is thought that a length of a burst wave of a radiating ultrasonic wave is shortened for the purpose of improving spacial discrimination (improving resolution). Specifically, it is generally selected to accomplish this by shortening a burst wave by selecting a high frequency as a frequency of a radiating ultrasonic pulse, because a burst waveform can easily be shortened by raising a frequency of an ultrasound. But, when the frequency is raised, attenuation of a ultrasound becomes remarkable, and a new disadvantage arises in that an ultrasound having a high frequency cannot be applied to diagnosing a deep portion of a human body. It is thought that a probe which can output a short burst waveform can be employed for shortening the burst waveform without raising a frequency. But, development of a new probe requires research of material by trial and error, and a disadvantage arises in that the development requires a long time period. Thereby, a new probe cannot be applied immediately in the present condition.
Further, it is known as a method for improving spacial discrimination without raising a frequency of an ultrasonic pulse, that an impulse response is obtained by performing fast Fourier transformation operation (hereinafter referred to as FFT operation) based upon a radiating waveform and received waveform. But, disadvantages arise in that a limitation exists which requires a sampling number of data by 2.sup.N, in that operating apparatus becomes large in size, and in that real
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patent: 4757715 (1988-07-01), Miwa et al.
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Daikin Industries Ltd.
Manuel George
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