X-ray or gamma ray systems or devices – Electronic circuit – With display or signaling
Patent
1998-05-22
2000-03-14
Church, Craig E.
X-ray or gamma ray systems or devices
Electronic circuit
With display or signaling
378 9812, H05G 164
Patent
active
060382864
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an arrangement for the electronic acquisition of an X-ray picture as well as a method for acquiring a visible picture which is produced by way of X-ray beams on the surface of a converter.
X-ray pictures in the region of visible light are traditionally produced on surfaces which convert the X-ray beams modulated by the object, which is irradiated, into visible light. Generally for this scintillation foils are widely applied. Such foils e.g. contain caesium iodide. Alternatively other primary picture arrangements such as e.g. coated glass or coated plastic sheets are conceivable.
For television transmission of X-ray pictures also television cameras have already been applied. With this an X-ray image intensifier is used, which receives the X-ray beams modulated by the irradiated object and transmits an intensified output picture onto the projection surface of a television camera via an objective of great light transmitting capacity. The television camera delivers electrical signals which in the monitor are converted back into the irradiation picture. The image intensifier at the same time consists of an evacuated tube on whose end face there is located an X-ray luminescent screen as a primary picture arrangement. Directly behind this there is located the photocathode from which electrons exit after the incidence of light, whose number is proportional to the excitation of the luminescent screen by way of the X-ray beams. The image intensification arises by way of the fact that the emitted photoelectrons are accelerated by an electrical field and excite the opposite output luminescent screen to irradiate intensified several times. The output picture may be transmitted to the input optics of the television receiver tube in many ways. For example there are known electrostatic imagings, with which the picture on the input window is electron-optically reduced onto the output window and is thus adapted to the window of the camera. The picture may also be transmitted by an optical lens arrangement with which the output picture of the image intensifier is located in the focal plane of the first objective, wherein the picture is produced in the focal plane of the camera objective. Instead of the optical transmission the picture may be transmitted from the output side of the image intensifier also by way of a fibre-optic to the input optics of the television camera.
Such television systems are extraordinarily complicated, require specially adapted X-ray apparatus and on account of the large requirement of space cannot be integrated into standard X-ray apparatus.
In practice therefore mostly laser-image systems are applied in order to convert X-ray pictures into electrical signals and to store, transmit or process the picture signals in another manner. With laser-image systems primarily memory foils are applied which store the modulated X-ray radiation in a metastable condition. The foils are excited to irradiate by an HeNe-laser. By way of this the signal may be electro-optically converted. Alternatively also conventionally exposed films may be "scanned". With this therefore the primary picture is produced on the foil or the film, this made possible by using conventional film cassettes ("Bucky's"). On the other hand with such arrangements no on-line transmission is possible, but for conversion a separate scanning procedure is required.
It is the object of the invention to provide an arrangement and a method, which permit the on-line acquisition and transmission as well as the representation of X-ray pictures in an economically simple manner and also permit the subsequent equipping of conventional X-ray apparatus.
This object is achieved according to the characterising part of the patent claims.
By way of the arrangement of two or more mirrors, on the one hand the picture may be divided into segments, this permitting the miniaturisation of the optical systems. Evidently by way of this also the deflecting arrangements, in particular mirrors, are reduced in size in that they only need to acquire i
REFERENCES:
patent: 4503460 (1985-03-01), Sklebitz
patent: 5550380 (1996-08-01), Sugawara
IEEE Article "Segmented Array Reconstructions for Tomographic Imaging of Large Objects: Theory and an Application to Neutron Computed Tomography" pp. 1275-1281 Aug. 1993, New York.
Laupper Ruedi G.
Wagli Peter
Church Craig E.
Teleray AG
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