Refrigeration – Disparate apparatus utilized as heat source or absorber – With vapor compression system
Patent
1988-10-18
1990-03-27
Bennet, Henry A.
Refrigeration
Disparate apparatus utilized as heat source or absorber
With vapor compression system
623231, 237 2B, F25B 2700
Patent
active
049109693
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention is directed to an apparatus for heat recovery by using a heat-pump system as specified in the preamble of patent claim 1.
A heat pump is a technical means which in operation takes up a heat flow at low temperature (cold side) and an energy flow required for operation and evolves both energy flows at a higher temperature (warm side) to be utilized as heat flow. The heat pump therefore is a heating means. It is employed in the fields of air conditioning, heating of buildings, swimming pools and in industrial processes. Depending on the heat source and the heat carrying medium, one distinguishes between water-to-water, air-to-water, water-to-air and air-to-air heat pumps. Possible heat pump designs include compression heat pumps driven by an electric motor or an internal combustion engine, and sorption heat pumps (absorption refrigerating machine) driven by thermal energy.
The present invention deals with a heat-pump system which is driven by an internal combustion engine. It is the object of the invention to additionally utilize the gases of combustion or exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine, which may be a diesel engine, a spark ignition engine or a gas engine, for additional heat recovery to thereby improve the efficiency (see in this respect DE-A-2,909,633). But in addition to an enhanced utilization of the exhaust-gas heat it is also intended to reduce the content of harmful substances in the exhaust gases so that the overall system provides for non-polluting heat recovery.
The specified object is solved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1, claim 2 describing a preferred further improvement of the inventive concept.
The apparatus according to the present invention is characterized by a separate combustion unit for post-combustion of the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine and by heat exchangers which cooperate with both the internal combustion engine and the post-combustion unit and by means of which the heat liberated by post-combustion can be transferred to the heat energy carrying medium, especially water.
Due to the measures taken by the invention it is avoided that a considerable portion of the quantity of heat resulting from combustion wastefully escapes to the atmosphere together with the exhaust gases. Also, the energy immanent in the exhaust gas is utilized by post-combustion thereof, whereby a reduction of emissions and of harmful substances is achieved at the same time.
The combination proposed in accordance with the present invention, comprising a heat pump driven by an internal combustion engine and an exhaust gas post-combustion unit, constitutes a kind of bivalent heat recovery system, in which it is advantageous in extreme cases to additionally introduce fuel such as fuel gas or oil. Preferably, the additional introduction of fuel is temperature-controlled. In accordance with a preferred improvement of the invention, post-combustion is followed by cooling of the exhaust gases escaping to the atmosphere, wherein the exhaust gas cooling means used in this respect simultaneously are evaporators of the heat-pump system. Thus, exhaust gas cooling is performed with corresponding extraction of heat for pre-heating the heat energy carrying medium.
Preferably, cooling of the exhaust gases which escape to the atmosphere is conducted in stages until condensate is formed, the finally produced condensate being accumulated and removed. In this way an extremely non-polluting exhaust gas is vented to the atmosphere, said exhaust gas having a relatively low temperature which, however, must still be somewhat higher than ambient temperature in order to ensure sufficient venting. If necessary, exhaust gas blowers may also be provided.
Below, an embodiment of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. In the drawing, 2 indicates an internal combustion engine used for driving two series-arranged heat pumps 6 and 5 each via an electric generator 1. The electric generator 1 is coupled to the internal combusti
REFERENCES:
patent: 4293092 (1981-10-01), Hatz
Dalin Par
Goransson Per
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