Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Preassembled subenclosure or substructure section of unit or... – With retaining or attaching means
Patent
1983-04-04
1986-11-18
Murtagh, John E.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Preassembled subenclosure or substructure section of unit or...
With retaining or attaching means
52227, 521696, 52438, E04H 904, E04B 1343
Patent
active
046227881
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a building structure, especially an air raid shelter, comprising a number of adjoining, prefabricated, reinforced, tubular concrete elements and end wall elements clamped together with the aid of prestressing means. Such air raid shelters are previously known for instance from DE-AS 1,137,545. However, the prior art air raid shelter suffers from great drawbacks inasmuch as it has been produced from numerous, relatively small elements and therefore in mounted state has a great many weakened joints. In order that an air raid shelter produced from prefabricated elements shall satisfy the high requirements that of necessity are nowadays placed on air raid shelters, the air raid shelter must be so constructed that the joints between the prefabricated elements are tight, that the cohesion between the elements is of such a nature that the joints do not imply any weakening compared with an in situ produced or cast air raid shelter structure, and the air raid shelter produced from prefabricated elements must possess a sufficient deformability, stability and energy absorption to display the same strength and stability as do in situ produced or cast air raid shelters. The prior art air raid shelter structure disclosed by DE-AS 1,137,545 cannot satisfy these requirements. The same applies to other prior art air raid shelters which have wholly or partly been formed by prefabricated elements, such as the air raid shelter according to DE-AS 1,052,102. The lack of stability and strength is still more evident in another prior art type of air raid shelter which has been formed by prefabricated elements, namely the air raid shelter according to DE-AS 1,005,260.
The object of the present invention is to provide a building structure, especially an air raid shelter which fulfils the above-mentioned requirements and, moreover, can be produced from large prefabricated elements which are readily handled in spite of their size. This and other objects of the invention are realized if the building structure, especially the air raid shelter, is given the characteristic features indicated in the appended main claim. In the building structure, especially the air raid shelter according to the invention, the tubular concrete elements shall thus exteriorly and/or interiorly have at least one stiffening beam and said stiffening beam shall be formed with holes for prestressing means or ties to pass through, with the aid of which means or ties the tubular concrete elements are clamped together between the end wall elements. Besides, at least the interstices between the stiffening beams of the adjoining concrete elements shall be filled out with reinforced in situ cast concrete for permanent interconnection of the concrete elements and embedding of the prestressing means or ties so as to provide a structure similar to prestressed concrete.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention the building structure, especially the air raid shelter, can comprise several adjoining rooms each of which has a set of delimiting tubular concrete elements. In this case the stiffening beams of the tubular concrete elements of adjoining rooms are offset relative to each other and engage in a comb-like manner with each other. A longitudinal, reinforced stiffening beam formed of in situ cast concrete is in this case provided at the top and optionally also at the bottom between adjoining sets of tubular concrete elements. In this embodiment of the invention the adjoining rooms of the building structure, especially the air raid shelter, will thus be interconnected via a number of openings defined by columns of which each column is thus formed by two adjacent stiffening beams of which one stiffening beam belongs to the tubular concrete elements of one room while the other stiffening beam belongs to the tubular concrete elements of the other room.
It is of particular advantage if the stiffening beams of the tubular concrete elements are placed exteriorly on the top and side faces of the concrete elements, but placed interiorly a
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patent: 4073100 (1978-02-01), DiGiovanni, Jr.
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patent: 4129969 (1978-12-01), Haapala
patent: 4159602 (1979-07-01), Polack
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Blixt Lars-Goran F.
Paulsson Jan-Erik H.
Blixt Lars-Goran Franklin
Murtagh John E.
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