Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment – Containment
Patent
1997-02-12
2000-07-04
Straub, Gary P.
Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment
Containment
4352625, 405263, A62D 300, B09B 300, C09K 1700
Patent
active
060841508
ABSTRACT:
Novel methods for biodegrading nitroaromatic compounds present as contaminants in soil or water using microorganisms are disclosed. Water is treatable directly; dry soil is first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water. The preferred method comprises two stages, each employing microorganisms: a fermentative stage, followed by an anaerobic stage. The fermentative stage is rapid, wherein an inoculum of aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms ferments a carbohydrate added to the fluid medium, exhausting the oxygen in the fluid medium and thereby inhibiting oxidative polymerization of amino by-products of the nitroaromatics. In the subsequent anaerobic stage, an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completes the mineralization of the contaminant nitroaromatics, using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source. Preferably, the carbohydrate is a starch and the aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms are amylolytic, which cleave the starch at a moderate rate throughout both stages, ensuring a sustained supply of metabolizable carbohydrate. The microorganisms are preferably selected to be resistant to the types and concentrations of nitroaromatics present as contaminants.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4826601 (1989-05-01), Spratt et al.
patent: 4919813 (1990-04-01), Weaver
patent: 4925552 (1990-05-01), Bateson et al.
patent: 4968427 (1990-11-01), Glanser et al.
patent: 5062956 (1991-11-01), Lupton et al.
patent: 5071755 (1991-12-01), Nelson et al.
patent: 5387271 (1995-02-01), Crawford et al.
patent: 5616162 (1997-04-01), Crawford et al.
Tiedje and Stevens, "The Ecology of an Anaerobic Dechlorinating Consortium," in Omenn (ed.) Environmental Biotechnology, pp. 3-14 (1988).
Hallas et al., "Microbial Transformation of Nitroaromatic Compounds in Sewage Effluent," Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:1234-41 (1983).
Channon et al., "The Metabolism of 2:4:6-Trinitrotuluene (.alpha.-T.N.T.)," Biochem. J. 38:70-85 (1944).
Zeyer et al., "Degradation of o-Nitrophenol and m-Nitrophenol by a Pseudomonas putida," J. Agric. Food Chem. 32:238-242 (1984).
Simmons et al., "Oxidative Co-Oligomuerization of Guaiacol and 4-Chloroaniline," Environ. Sci. Technol. 23:115-121 (1989).
Cartwright et al.,"Bacterial Degradation of the Nitrobenzoic Acids," Biochem. J. 71:248-261 (1958).
Kaplan, "Biotransformation Pathways of Hazardous Energetic Organo-Nitro Compounds," in Kamely, D. et al. (eds.), Biotechnology and Biodegradation, Gulf Pub. Co., pp. 155-180 (1990).
Gottschalk, Bacterial Metabolism (2d ed.), Springer Verlag, NY, pp. 157-162 (1986).
Naumova et al., "Possibility of Deep Bacterial Destruction of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene," Mikrobiologiya 57:218-222 (1988).
Schink, "Principles and Limits of Anaerobic Degradation: Environmental and Technological Aspects," in Zinder (ed.), Biology of Anaerobic Microoranisms, Wiley, NY, pp. 771-846 (1988).
McCormick et al., "Microbial Transformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and Other Nitroaromatic Compounds," Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 31:949-958 (1976).
Tschech et al., "Methanogenic Degradation of Anthranilate (2-Aminobenzoate)," System. Appl. Microbiol. 11:9-12 (1988).
Doyle et al., "Effect of Dairy Manure and Sewage Sludge on [14-C]-Pesticide Degradation in Soil," J. Agric. Food Chem. 26:987-989 (1978).
Spain et al., "Enzymatic Oxidation of p-Nitrophenol," Biochem. and Biophys. Research Communications 88:634-641 (1979).
Jensen et al., "Microorganisms that Decompose Nitro-Aromatic Compounds, With Special Reference to Dinitro-Ortho-Cresol," Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica 17:115-126 (1967).
Berry et al., "Microbial Metabolism of Homocyclic and Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds Under Anaerobic Conditions," Microbiol. Rev. 51:43-59 (1987).
Parris, "Environmental and Metabolic Transformations of Primary Aromatic Amines and Related Compounds," Residue Reviews 76:1-30 (1980).
Wallnofer et al., "Transformation of Dinitrophenol-Herbicides by Azotobacter Sp.," Chemosphere 12:967-972 (1978).
Ziegler et al., "Activation of Aromatic Acids and Aerobic 2-Aminobenzoate Metabolism in a Denitrifying Pseudomonas Strain," Arch. Microbiol. 151:171-176 (1989).
Ziegler et al., "Studies on the Anaerobic Degradation of Benzoic Acid and 2-Aminobenzoic Acid by a Denitrifying Pseudomonas Strain," Arch. Microbiol. 149:62-69 (1987).
Smolenski et al., "Biodegradation of Cresol Isomers in Anoxic Aquifers," Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53:710-716 (1987).
Kuhn et al., "Anaerobic Degradation of Alkylated Benzenes in Denitrifying Laboratory Aquifer Columns," Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54:490-496 (1988).
Froslie et al., "Ruminal Metabolism of DNOC and DNBP," Acta Vet. Scand. 11:114-132 (1970).
Tratnyek et al., "Abiotic Reduction of Nitro Aromatic Pesticides in Anaerobic Laboratory Systems," J. Agric. Food Chem. 37: 248-254 (1989).
Vlassak et al., "Dinoseb as Specific Inhibitor of Nitrogen Fixation in Soil," Soil Biol. Biochem. 8:91-93 (1976).
Federle, "Mineralization of Monosubstituted Aromatic Compounds in Unsaturated and Saturated Subsurface Soils," Can. J. Microbiol. 34:1037-1042 (1988).
Braun et al., "Anaerobic Degradation of 2-Aminobenzoate (Anthranilic Acid) by Denitrifying Bacteria," Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48:102-107 (1984).
Kaplan et al., "Thermophilic Biotransformations of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Under Simulated Composting Conditions," Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 44:757-760 (1982).
Stevens, "Biodegradation of Dinoseb (2-sec-Butyl-4,6-Dinitrophenol) and Bioremediation of Dinoseb-Contaminated Soils," Ph.D. Thesis, University of Idaho (1989).
Crawford Donald L.
Crawford Ronald L.
Stevens Todd O.
Idaho Research Foundation Inc.
Straub Gary P.
LandOfFree
Biological system for degrading nitroaromatics in water and soil does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Biological system for degrading nitroaromatics in water and soil, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Biological system for degrading nitroaromatics in water and soil will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1488053