Radiant energy – Invisible radiant energy responsive electric signalling – Infrared responsive
Patent
1987-07-24
1989-11-21
Mis, David
Radiant energy
Invisible radiant energy responsive electric signalling
Infrared responsive
250372, G01J 100, G01J 142
Patent
active
048825980
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
It is a well-known fact that ultraviolet radiation, i.e. electromagnetic radiation within the wavelength range of 100-400 nm, may cause biological skin effects and even severe skin diseases. Thus, exposure to ultraviolet radiation may result in erythema, and excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation may further result in skin cancer, destruction of elastic skin fibres, generation of D-vitamins, immunological changes, etc.
Ultraviolet radiation is usually divided into four ultraviolet wavelength bands or ranges, a first one of which is the wavelength range of 100-200 nm, a second one of which is the wavelength range of 200-280 nm (conventionally designated UVC), a third one of which is the wavelength range of 280-320 nm (conventionally designated UVB), and a fourth one of which is the wavelength range of 320-400 nm (conventionally designated UVA). The wavelength range of 100-200 nm is of little practical importance since electromagnetic radiation within this wavelength range is absorbed in the air of the atmosphere.
The UVC radiation is absorbed in the stratosphere by the ozone layer and is therefore not present in sunlight in the earth level. However, UVC radiation is produced in connection with welding, sterilization by ultraviolet radiation, artificial ultraviolet ray tubes or bulbs, etc.
It has been realised that UVB radiation is the main skin cancer causing ultraviolet wavelength band or range. UVB radiation is present in sunlight and is also produced by numerous artificial light and ultraviolet light sources. UVA radiation is present in sunlight and in light produced by artificial light and ultraviolet light sources.
It is well-known that individuals with a light skin complexion cannot stand the same extent of exposure to ultraviolet radiation as individuals with a dark skin complexion. The former often produce erythema even after short periods of exposure to ultraviolet radiation and are probably also more susceptible to develop skin cancer after exposure, such as excessive exposure, to ultraviolet radiation.
In spite of the above no reliable measuring method or apparatus has been deviced by means of which an individual's ability to stand exposure to ultraviolet radiation prior to causing a skin reaction, such as skin cancer or erythema, or by means of which an individual's ability to become tanned by exposure to ultraviolet radiation can be determined.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method rendering it possible to determine an individual's ability to stand exposure to ultraviolet radiation prior to causing a skin reaction, such as skin cancer or erythema, or to determine an individual's ability to become tanned by exposure to ultraviolet radiation and further to provide an apparatus by means of which an individual's ability to stand exposure to ultraviolet radiation prior to causing a skin reaction, such as skin cancer or erythema, or by means of which an individual's ability to become tanned by exposure to ultraviolet radiation can be determined.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a method of controlling an individual's exposure to ultraviolet radiation for tanning said individual's skin surface in order to render it possible to expose said individual's skin surface to ultraviolet radiation without running the risk of becoming erythrodermic or erythematous or catching more serious skin diseases, such as skin cancer.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for dosimetrically measuring an UV-radiation dosis or electromagnetic radiation in general, e.g. visible light, which apparatus renders it possible to provide reproducible and highly accurate measuring results.
In a first aspect of the present invention, a method of determining an individual's ability to stand exposure to ultraviolet radiation prior to causing a skin reaction, such as skin cancer or erythema, or of determining an individual's ability to become tanned by exposure to ultraviolet radiation is provided, said method comprising the following steps
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patent: 4226540 (1980-10-01), Barten et al.
patent: 4428050 (1984-01-01), Pellegrino et al.
patent: 4704535 (1987-11-01), Leber et al.
patent: 4749865 (1988-06-01), Scheller
Chromo-Light ApS
Mis David
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