Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds – Aromatic compound synthesis – By ring formation from nonring moiety – e.g. – aromatization,...
Patent
1985-12-10
1987-03-24
Pal, Asok
Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
Aromatic compound synthesis
By ring formation from nonring moiety, e.g., aromatization,...
585469, 585641, 585642, 585733, 585935, 585943, 585310, C07C 126
Patent
active
046526889
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a process for the production of hydrocarbons from hetero-substitued methanes.
The forecast longer-term shortage of petroleum has in recent years stimulated research into the production of chemicals and fuels from other raw materials. In particular both coal and natural gas, of which there are vast reserves, have been under consideration because both are readily converted by well established technology into a mixture of gases comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen, conventionally referred to as synthesis gas, which in turn can be converted into methanol. Methanol is a useful intermediate for the production of valuable chemicals, for example acetic acid, ethanol, esters, acetic anhydride etc and in recent years its use has been proposed both as a gasoline blending component and as a feedstock for the production of liquid gasoline range hydrocarbons by conversion over synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate catalysts, see for example U.S. Pat. No. 4,138,442 (Mobil).
In U.S. Pat. No. 3,894,107 (Mobil) there is described a process for converting an aliphatic organic compound of the formula R-X where X is at least one of halogen, oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen to a product comprising a complex mixture of compounds. The product including hydrocarbon compounds having a greater number of carbon atoms than the organic compound reactant, a higher ratio of carbon atoms to heteroatoms than the organic compound reactant and a longest carbon to carbon chain length which is longer than the longest carbon chain length of the organic compound reactant. The process is carried out by contacting the compound of formula R-X with a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index of about 1 to 12. It is further stated that the zeolite may be in the hydrogen form or it may be base exchanged or impregnated to contain ammonium or a metal cation complement, of which the latter may be a cation of the metals of the Groups I through VIII of the Periodic Table. No specific cation-exchanged form of the zeolite is identified as being desirable for the conversion of any of the reactants embraced by the formula R-X, nor indeed is any specific cation-exchanged form of the zeolite said to be desirable for the conversion of compounds of the formula R-X as a generic class. The Examples illustrate only the use as catalyst of an aluminosilicate zeolite in the hydrogen form and 24 of the 26 Examples are devoted to alkanol conversions, the remaining two being directed to methyl mercaptan conversion and tri-n-butylamine conversion. Of the Examples on alkanol conversion, the majority are devoted to the use of methanol as the feedstock.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,894,104 describes a process for converting a feed comprising compounds of the type (R).sub.n -X where R is a lower hydrocarbon moiety having 1 carbon atom, X is a hetero moiety selected from the group consisting of oxygen, hydroxyl, sulphur, nitrogen, halogen and cyanide and n is a number up to the valence of X, to other compounds having a higher ratio of R to X than in the feed by contacting such feed with a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst, having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index of about 1 to 12, at an elevated temperature of about 500.degree. to about 750.degree. F. at a space velocity of about 0.1 to 50 LHSV; the improvement, comprises utilising as the catalyst the zeolite which has been modified by the incorporation therewith of at least one metal of Group Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IVa and VIII of the Periodic Table. Representative feeds are said (column 5, lines 33 to 38) to include alcohols, particularly methanol, ethers, particularly dimethyl ether, ketones, particularly acetone and analogous and homologous materials such as mercaptans or amines, in admixture with each other and/or in admixture with other materials. The specific metals are incorporated in the catalyst for the purpose of increasing the aromatics content of the product. All 25 Examples are direct
REFERENCES:
patent: 2320274 (1943-05-01), Gorin
patent: 3702886 (1972-11-01), Arguer et al.
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Chemical Abstract 93:204045y (1980).
Brophy John H.
Font Freide Josephus J. H. M.
Tomkinson Jeremy D.
Pal Asok
The British Petroleum Company p.l.c.
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