Dentistry – Prosthodontics – Holding or positioning denture in mouth
Patent
1999-02-24
2000-07-25
Lucchesi, Nicholas D.
Dentistry
Prosthodontics
Holding or positioning denture in mouth
A61C 800
Patent
active
060930233
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
This invention according to that indicated in the title of this descriptive report consists of improvements introduced in dental implants with external polygonal head, in the field of general dental implants, where there will be fixing in the bone and a prothesic restoration, joined to each other through the gum, this resetting being reached from a single crown, to a total denture, both fixed and detachable. Specifically, the invention provides and advance in the fixing and arrangement of implants (surgical guides), as well as peri-implantary soft tissues (cervico-anatomical attachments), during the process of healing, contributing an outline as similar as possible to a natural tooth.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
For some time, many solutions have been accepted to retain in a stable manner several materials: metallic, ceramic or acrylic, supported by implants (threaded or impacted) in maxillary bones. At a primary state, all of them have been accepted by the organism, but secondary causes, derived from their surgical or prothesic handling result in an excessive closeness between them (inter-implantary gap), convergence or divergence (lack of parallelism and excessive biomechanical stresses), or non anatomical deficient gingival architecture (compromise of hygiene and food packing), which have led to inflammatory problems in the peri-implantary soft tissues (periodontal) and reduction of hard tissues (bone), with the failure and final loss of said implants. Without forgetting from the aesthetic point of view, large number of failed tests to reach a visual appearance that the user never really accepts.
One of the problems most discussed, has been the morphological discrepancy existing between fixing in the bone-implant and the root of a natural tooth; most current implants have a round or cylindrical outline in their head or upper end and non-anatomical (oval, triangular), different to what occurs in natural dentures. Attempts have been made to solve this discrepancy by using healing pillars in the second surgery. First of all, the only result obtained with these pillars was an alignment of the external outline of the implant, being externalized above the gum, for connection of the definite prothesic restoration. In this period of the implanting technique, osteointegration prevailed more than the aesthetic role of restoration.
After a time, the so-called anatomically sized healing pillars appeared (Emergence Profile System), proposed by Lazzara (U.S. Pat. No. 4,856,994), likewise by Niznick (U.S. Pat. No. 4,758,161 July, 1988; E.P. no. 0669111 AZ and B.P. No. 0669111 A3 November, 1994) propose another system of healing pillars (Spectra System), and last but not least, Daftary presented the system of anatomical pillars with successive modifications (U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,035,6319 July, 1991; 5,073,111 December, 1991; 5,145,978 September, 1992; 5,213,502 May, 1993; 5,362,235 November, 1994; 5,431,507 July, 1995; FE 2070239 July, 1995).
The principle of all these pillars is based on the expansion of the peri-implantary soft tissues, creating a sufficient space to locate an artificial tooth, with the most acceptable gingival outline, but not solving the previous premise of the original healing pillars, but contributing like the previous ones a round section at a cervical level and non-anatomical (oval, triangular) as occurs in a sectional cut at this level, in the natural denture.
To solve this problem, the fixing of healing pillars has also been proposed for their intra-oral modification, permitting, according to the operators criterion their inter-proximal, occlusal and axial reduction of their walls, proposed by Sicilia (ES 2051239), or extra-oral techniques, by means of temporary restorations to create a correct morphology in the healing of the peri-implantary soft tissues, according to the neighboring contra-lateral dentition, forming a tissue guide in the sub-gingival gap where the final prothesic restoration is going to be housed.
Highlighting the modification introduced by Daftary F
REFERENCES:
patent: 5338196 (1994-08-01), Beaty et al.
patent: 5759034 (1998-06-01), Daftary
patent: 5779480 (1998-07-01), Groll et al.
patent: 5810592 (1998-09-01), Daftary
patent: 5873722 (1999-02-01), Lazzara et al.
patent: 5938443 (1999-08-01), Lazzara et al.
patent: 5961328 (1999-10-01), Somborac et al.
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