Conveyors: fluid current – Intake to fluid current conveyor – Upstream of suction source
Patent
1997-01-06
1999-07-20
Terrell, William E.
Conveyors: fluid current
Intake to fluid current conveyor
Upstream of suction source
406 92, 15420, B65G 5122
Patent
active
059248238
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Known nozzles work more or less perpendicularly to a surface and if not guided along that surface, tend to stick to it, i.e., the suction port draws itself onto the surface being worked and prevents the removal of the particles and/or the flow medium.
At the same time, such nozzles require relatively large amounts of energy, as they must lift up the particles and/or the flow medium adhering to the surface against the effect of gravity and/or surface adhesion.
A vacuum-cleaner nozzle is known from FR-A-779498. This nozzle has a relatively wide base surface crossed by grooves linearly leading from the periphery of the nozzle body tangentially into the bore of the suction tube, which results in a circular flow in the tube.
This vacuum cleaner nozzle demands a good ground contact in the region of the suction tube. If this is not provided, no circular flow results. The long grooves required are disadvantageous from the energy point of view and impair the suction effect of the nozzle.
It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a nozzle which is free of the disadvantages of the prior art, requires little energy for sucking up the particles and/or flow media and ensures their removal without elevated flow velocities. In particular, this nozzle during operation should produce little noise and should not tend to clog the suction port.
In addition, this nozzle should generate a flow that is beneficial for such applications as heat exchangers, flues, and material separators.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The advantage of the invention resides in the fact that, due to the design described, a vortex is created in a suction nozzle whereby a shearing force is formed in and below the suction port, which detaches, and sets into motion, the solid particles and/or flow media to be removed.
Equally beneficial for the improvement of heat transfer in heat exchangers, flues, heating plants, etc., are the longitudinal vortices produced by the nozzle, which eliminate the entrance cavitation created in every fluid flow.
Advantageously, the nozzle is of a tubular-form. However, if required by structural configurations, the nozzle can also have the form of a channel.
An adaptive control of the vortex formation can be effected by the supply of extraneous energy, bypasses, etc. Use of a concentric collar permits the beneficial suction effect to be extended beyond the suction port.
The invention can in practice be used for cleaning devices of almost any type, especially street sweeping machines etc. A pressure-nozzle component, provided in addition to a suction-nozzle tube acts, due to the resulting shearing force, from the marginal regions towards the central suction port, enhancing vortex formation.
A sharp edge may be provided in the suction port for facilitating detachment of the boundary layer flow within the operating region of the nozzle.
A method for operating the apparatus produces in a simple manner a counter-rotating, spiral-shaped vortex formation which, also within the suction-nozzle tube, serves to draw in the medium.
In order to attain the shearing force desired in the operating region, the pressure relations may be superposed and adjusted. Adjusting the relations can be carried out empirically by altering the geometric relations or by a suitable proportioning of the partial flows.
Uses may utilize the axis-parallel vortex formation achieved with the aid of the nozzle and thus permit the elimination of some well-known problems.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
With the aid of several drawings, the invention will be explained in greater detail. Identical components are given identical reference numerals. Components not essential for an understanding of the invention are left out for the sake of clarity.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention with an outwardly bent wing and a collar;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view along plane 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 represents another embodiment of the nozz
REFERENCES:
patent: 2027543 (1936-01-01), Lofgren
patent: 3238557 (1966-03-01), Foster
Crawford Gene O
Festo KG
Terrell William E.
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