Use of a cytochrome oxidase inhibitor to increase the cough-supp

Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Having -c- – wherein x is chalcogen – bonded directly to...

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514295, 514305, A61K 3144

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active

053507568

ABSTRACT:
This invention discloses a method for increasing the effectiveness of dextromethorphan (DM) as an antitussive agent (i.e., as a cough suppressant). This method involves the concurrent administration of DM and a second agent which inhibits the oxidative activity of debrisoquin hydroxylase, a cytochrome P450 oxidase enzyme. Effective anti-oxidant compounds include quinidine, yohimbine, and fluoxetine.

REFERENCES:
patent: 5166207 (1992-11-01), Smith
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Guttendorf, R. J., et al, "Simplified phenotyping with dextromethorphan by thin-layer chromatography," Ther. Drug. Monit. 10: 490-498 (1988).
Kupfer, A., et al "Dextromethorphan as a safe probe for debrisoquine hydroxylation polymorphism," Lancet ii: 517-518 (1984).
Physician's Desk Reference, 44th Edition (1988), pp. 670-671 (Medical Economics Company, 1990).
Inaba, T., et al, "In vitro inhibition studies of two isozymes of human liver cytochrome P-450," Drug Metabolism and Disposition 13: 443-447 (1985).
Inaba, T., et al, "Quinidine: Potent inhibition of sparteine and debrisoquin oxidation in vivo," Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 22: 199-200 (1986).
Broly, F., et al, "Effect of quinidine on the dextromethorphan O-methylase activity of microsomal fractions from human liver," Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 28: 29-36 (1989).
Broly, F., et al, "Inhibitory studies of mexiletine and dextromethorphan oxidation in human liver microsomes," Biochem. Pharmacol. 39: 1045-1053 (1990).
Brinn, R., et al, "Sparteine oxidation is practically abolished in quinidine-treated patients," Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 22: 194-197 (1986).
Brosen, K., et al, "Extensive metabolizers of debrisoquin become poor metabolizers during quinidine treatment," Pharmacol. Toxicol. 60: 312-314 (1987).
Nielsen, M. D., et al, "A dose-effect study of the in vivo inhibitory effect of quinidine on sparteine oxidation in man," Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 29: 299-304 (1990).
Walker, E. O., and Hunt, V. P., "An open label trial of dextromethorphan in Huntington's Disease," Clin. Neuropharmacol. 12: 322-330 (1989).
Albers, G. W., et al, "Safety and tolerance of oral dextromethorphan in patients at risk for brain ischemia," Stroke 22: 1075-1077 (1991).
Applebaum, J. S., et al, "Dextromethorphan in the treatment of ALS: A pilot study," Abstract No. 960S (p. 393) in Neurology 41 (Suppl. 1), Mar. 1991.

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