Compositions – Preservative agents – Anti-corrosion
Patent
1990-12-12
1992-10-06
Lovering, Richard D.
Compositions
Preservative agents
Anti-corrosion
252306, 252312, 252318, 252314, 514 78, 424450, 554 79, 536117, B01F 1700
Patent
active
051529289
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a surfactant and the method for producing the same.
BACKGROUND ART
There have been generally used soybean lecithin, sucrose fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester as the food surfactant, conventionally. Among them, soybean lecithin has been modified for the objective specifically to improve the HLB value thereof. That is, although soybean lecithin is excellent in terms of safety, its HLB value is as low as 3 to 8, which results in the disadvantages not only that the lecithin is difficult to be dissolved in water but that its surfacting action is exhibited only within a limited range, involving the limited use thereof. For that reason, investigation has been carried out over the modification of soybean lecithin in order to provide it with an HLB value approximately at the same degree of that of other higher HLB emulsifiers.
Soybean lecithin has been modified by a variety of means including transphosphatidylation (Japanese Patent Laid-open No.61-199749), acetylation, hydroxylation, hydrolysis of fatty acid moiety, owing to the easy modifiable molecular structure thereof. Consequently, transfer lecithin is in practical use on confirmation that transfer lecithin in which the choline bonded with the phosphoryl group of lecithin is substituted with polyhydric alcohol such as glycerol, glucose, sorbitol and the like, has an HLB value of about 15.
However, some other surfactants produced by chemical synthesis, for example the sucrose fatty acid ester in which the monoester content is increased to 95% or more, have an HLB value of nearly 20, and they are popularly used in various fields due to the excellent and unique surfacting action owing to the high HLB thereof.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is to provide a lecithin surfactant superior to synthetic products in terms of safety, as one which is ready to use due to the HLB value higher than the conventional products and which has more remarkable surfactant activity.
The present invention successfully achieving the above objective is to provide a surfactant containing one or more of lysophospholipid represented by general formula; ##STR2## [wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent hydrogen atom or the acyl residue of fatty acid, but either one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, is hydrogen atom, the other being acyl group. X represents an organic group remaining after removing one hydrogen atom of an optional hydroxyl group of polyhydric alcohol therefrom]; and to provide a method for producing the surfactant of the present invention, by treating phosphatidic acid derivative represented by ##STR3## [wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent the acyl residue of X represents an organic group remaining after removing one hydrogen atom of an optional hydroxyl group of polyhydric alcohol therefrom], with lipase or phospholipase A.sub.2, for partial hydrolysis.
It is specifically preferable that the surfactant of the present invention is the one wherein the polyhydric alcohol corresponding to the organic group X in the general formulas (1) and (2) is ethyleneglycol, glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, glucose, galactose, fructose, sucrose or lactose. In other words, the surfactant with the organic group corresponding to them exhibits an HLB as high as 20 or more, readily dissolves in water and exhibits excellent properties superior to those of the conventional lecithin surfactants, in terms of a great number of points such as foaming power, permeating potential, solubilizing potential, emulsifying potential and the like.
In case that the surfactant of the present invention is produced from the phosphatidic acid derivative of the general formula (2), the phosphatidic acid derivative as a material may be produced through transphosphatidylation from natural phospholipids such as soybean lecithin, egg yolk lecithin, etc., and polyhydric alcohol. Phosphatidic acid derivatives commercially available as the product name transfer lecithin, for example, ph
REFERENCES:
patent: 4849137 (1989-07-01), Kobayashi
patent: 4923854 (1990-05-01), Tilcock et al.
patent: 4960814 (1990-10-01), Wu et al.
patent: 5025004 (1991-06-01), Wu et al.
patent: 5043376 (1991-08-01), Sharma et al.
Kudo Satoshi
Nishi Eriko
Bhat N.
Kabushiki Kaisha Yakul't Honsha
Lovering Richard D.
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