1983-05-20
1985-06-11
Wintercorn, Richard A.
G02B 2700
Patent
active
045224676
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a skylight or attic roof window wherein a plane of the window is provided at a prescribed angle of inclination with the horizontal. A prismatic plate is disposed parallel to the window plane in an opening of the window.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Given a window having a prescribed inclination and alignment, an object of the invention is to avoid the passage of solar rays in an exclusion time interval of a reference day without seriously affecting the light transmission otherwise more than necessary. In particular, the exclusion area should be no greater than is required to completely block out the sun in an exclusion area of the prismatic plate of the reference day.
According to the invention, the prismatic plate has a planar base surface toward an outside of the window and prismatic rods next to and parallel to one another at an inside of the window. The prismatic rods extend over an entire opening of the window and have an unmirrored face enclosing an acute base angle with the base surface. A mirrored face of each prismatic rod is provided and is perpendicular to the unmirrored face. The prismatic rods are disposed such that a point of an angle of elevation of solar rays measured relative to the window plane in a reference plane perpendicular thereto points to a mirrored face given a highest solar altitude to be blocked out. The base angle between the unmirrored face and the base surface of each prismatic rod is selected of such size that the window transmits substantially no sunbeams in an exclusion time interval on a prescribed reference day. The invention is based on the observation that the blocking curve of such a window in a solar irradiation diagram proceeds similarly to the orbital curves of the sun, that moreover, the center line of the blocking curve can be pivoted with respect to the center line of the solar path by means of a suitable selection of the axial angle of the prismatic bars, and that the blocking curve can be brought very close to the orbital curve by means of a corresponding selection of the base angle of the prismatic bars. A minimization of the surface between the blocking curve and the oribital curve is therefore possible, so that the window transmits a maximum of daylight.
As a rule, the longest day of the year having the highest possible solar altitude is selected as the reference day for the blocking condition. A complete blocking of the sun is then guaranteed during the entire year.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention is explained in greater detail with reference to the figures:
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic representation of a window with specification factors useful in defining the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a solar irradiation diagram with orbital curve B' and blocking curve A; and
FIG. 3 illustrates a multitude of blocking curves through a prismatic rod with variable base angle.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A skylight or attic window having the window area F is schematically illustrated in FIG. 1, whereby said window area is inclined by the angle .beta. relative to the horizontal plane H and is aligned southeast in the specified manner. The window area F is filled by a prismatic plate which exhibits a planar base surface P0 at the outside and continuously adjacent solid prismatic rods P having the short faces P1 and P2 proceeding at right angles relative to one another at the inside (cf. the enlarged cross-section in the extension of the section line L in FIG. 1).
The longitudinal axes of the prismatic rods P are aligned perpendicularly relative to a section line L and thus enclose an axial angle .gamma.--measured in the window plane F--with the horizontal limiting edge K. The section line L is given by the intersection of the window area F with that reference plane E perpendicular to it in which the greatest solar angle of elevation occurs on the reference day and within the exclusion area, namely measured in the reference plane E relative to the section line L. The orbital curve o
REFERENCES:
patent: 3443860 (1969-05-01), Luboshez
patent: 4130351 (1978-12-01), Luboshez
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