Communications: electrical – Digital comparator systems
Patent
1977-04-11
1979-06-12
Yusko, Donald J.
Communications: electrical
Digital comparator systems
3 11, 180 65, 318580, 340147R, 244 83D, H04Q 900, A61B 500, B62D 100
Patent
active
041581962
ABSTRACT:
The system provides a direct electrical interface between the electrical activity that may be self-induced in the human nervous system and the electrical activity in devices such as computers or calculators. Either one-way or two-way communication and/or control may be provided. For man-to-machine (efferent) communication bioelectric activity is monitored with electrodes and the action potentials which are self-generated are converted into digital signals preferably in the form of binary signals which may be interpreted by digital computers, micro-processors or other logic systems. For machine-to-man (afferent) communication binary signals in the form of binary ones or zeros are converted to action potentials. Depending upon the particular application, different codes are used to give specific meanings to specific patterns of bioelectric activity that the operator generates and specific patterns of electric stimulation that the operator receives. For example, if the system is used to replace a teletype terminal used to communicate with the computer, each specific pattern generated by the operator corresponds to a keyboard character with the need in this case for multiple channels for communication. In one system according to the invention the control is used by a handicapped person to manipulate a wheelchair with each specific pattern of bioelectric activity corresponding to a direction of movement of the wheelchair. In the wheelchair application two-way communication is provided and binary signals are generated from two separately excitable electrode sites with the code being sent employing successive communication time slots. For any given application, the operator is required to learn an appropriate code. After sufficient practice, the codes become subliminal in the same way as an experienced typist is not consciously concerned with the details of the finger movement.
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